BAREILLY
SHAREEF
 The beautiful Mazaar Shareef of A'la Hadrat Ash Shah Imam Ahmed Rida Khan Muhaddith Bareilwi (alaihir rahmah) with the Masjid-e-Raza on its left (partly shown)  Inside the Mazaar Shareef of A'la Hadrat Ash Shah Imam Ahmed Rida Khan Muhaddith Bareilwi (alaihir rahmah). In the Centre is the Qabar Shareef of the great Imam (alaihir rahmah), on the right hand side is the Qabar Shareef of Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam Hind (alaihir rahmah) and on the left is the Qabar Shareef is Maulana Rehaan Raza (alaihir rahmah). A Collection of important manuscripts and books is in the background as a Library. 
Marehra
has been the heart throb of millions of Sunni Muslims around the world right from
the time of Mughal emperor Jehangir. The great seer and the direct descendant
of the Holy Prophet, Mir Abdul Jaleel Bilgrami settled
in Marehra around eleventh century and his spiritual circle covered the entire
region of Braj (from Agra to Bareilly), Rohailkhand (from Bareilly to Kanpur),
Awadh (from Kanpur to Kalpi) and Bundel Khand (from Kalpi to Jhansi). His was
a dynasty of established scholars, well recognized poets in Braj, Hindustani,
Urdu, Persian and Arabic.
One
of the descendents of Mir Abdul Jaleel Bilgrami was Syed Sahib-e-Alam whom the
great Urdu poet Mirza Ghalib called his Pir-o-Murshid and wrote several letters
to him. In these letters, Mirza Ghalib yearned to go to Marehra and enjoy its
tasty plums and sweet mangoes. But he could not manage to reach Marehra and fulfill
his aspirations. His book “Ood-e-Hindi” is reported to have been compiled
in Marehra by the prolific scholar like Syed Sahib-e-Alam. Shah Barkatullah, the
great grandson of Mir Abdul Jaleel Bilgrami was a versatile poet in Braj and Persian.
His collective works in Braj Bhasha entitled Pem Prakaas have been an inspiration
for many scholars, both Hindu and Muslim, to obtain their doctorate on Shah Barkatullah.
The Diwan-e-Ishqui is the collective work of Shah Barkatullah alias Ishqui Marehravi
in Persian. He was also a great musician with extra ordinary expertise in sitar
and Ragas. He was the principal link in the chain of Sufism in India.
  
Hazrat
Makdoom Syed Ashraf Jahangir Simnani
Kichhochhawi ( RA), Baskhari, Dist. Ambedkar Nagar (Faizabad), UP.
Hazrat
Sultan Sayyad Makhdoom Ashraf Jahangir Semnani [d.807] Rahmathullahi
alaih. - Kicchocha Shareef -
Dargah
Rasulpur, Kicchocha Sahreef, Dist: FaizabadSayyad Makhdoom Ashraf rahmatullahi alayh was born in 708 A.H., in Semnan, Iran. His father Hadrat Sultan Sayyad Ibrahim Noor Bakshi rahmatullahi alayh governed the city for approximately 20 years. As well as being a highly noble and just ruler he was also a great scholar, theologian and Sufi. His mother Bibi Khadija Begum was also from the pedigree of distinguished and notable mystics and saints. She was a very religious and pious lady particularly renowned for her punctuality in tahajjud prayer.  Sayyad Makhdoom Ashraf rahmatullahi alaih, started their education at the age of 4 years, 4 months and 4 days. Allah, the most Sublime, blessed Sayyad Makhdoom Ashraf rahmatullahi alaih with immense ingenuity, intellect and knowledge. By the age of 7 they had already acquired and memorized the entire Qur'an al-kareem by heart with seven types of qirat, and excelled in the study of Qur'anic exegesis 'tafseer', narration and sciences of hadith, Islamic law 'fiqh' etc. At 14 years they had mastered all the subjects including theology and philosophy, maturing into the most accomplished and proficient scholar.  Deva Sharif |
Deva Sharif, the tomb of Syed Waris Ali Shah in Barabanki, Uttar
Pradesh, is quite famous and beloved to people from all religions. 42 Km
from Lucknow in Barabanki district. It is the mazar of Haji Waris Ali
Shah (a sufi saint) in whose memory an annual fair is organised on the
lines of Pushkar (Rajasthan) between the festival of Dusherra and
Deepawali (October/ November). |
Nearest Big City : Lucknow (approx 42 kms)
|
Tuesday, 17 July 2012
sufi in uttar pradeh
All about Silsila order
Main article: Chishti Order
The Chishtiyyah originated in Chisht sharif Herat, Afghanistan but it took root in India[13] whither it was brought by several Central Asian mystics (most notably Moinuddin Chishti and Bakhtiar Kaki).
The first of the Chishti saints was Abu Ishaq Shami Chishti (d. 329/940-41), whose shaykh was a well-known Sufi shaykh, Mimshad (or Memshadh, after al-Dhahabi in Tarikh al-islam) al-Dinawari (d. 299/911-12). In the comparative table of Sufi Biographies at the end of Introduction in his book titled Muslim Saints and Mystics, the author A. J. Arberry writes his name as Memshad-al-Dinawari and mentions that early sufi historians Abdur Rahman Sullami (d.412/1021)., Al-Qushayeri (d. 465/1072) and Fariduddin Attar( 1119 -1230 AD) have described Memshad-al-Dinawarias as a great sufi master of Baghdad a disciple of Master Junaid Baghdadi.
Hazrat Shoaib Firdowsi Shikhpurvi, a 15th century Indian sufi of Bihar describes him as Memshad Dinawari ممشاد ( کسر میم اول سکون میم دو م) دینوری(کسر دال فتح نون فتح واو کسر را) Through Hazrat Junaid Baghdadi, he followed the path of Sufyian suri (Thuri) and Serri Seqti in the line of Maaruf Karkhi, Dawood Taaei and Hazrat Imam AliReza .Khwaja Mamshad Ali Dainuri (Mimshad Dinavari ) was succeeded by Khwaja Abu Ishaq Shami who was deputed by the Shaikh to settle down at a place called Chisht in the neighbourhood of Herat. Shaikh Abu Ishaq Shami was the first Shaikh who was called Abu Ishaq Chisti . It is thus that a great Silsila Chishtiya came into existence. He was succeeded by Khwaja Abu Ahmad Abdal who was a dignitary of Chisht. Through him and his successors including Khwaja Qutubuddin Mowdud Chishti this chain of Sufism connected Ajmer Sharif to Baghdad.
During Mongol invasion in 1220 and Safavid attack in 1509 Ad many Chishti sufis migrated to Uch, Ajodhan, Bhakkar and Sehwan of Sindh. Wali Kirani Chishti is buried in Shal Quetta. During Moghul emperror Humayun reign, one Chishti sufi from Khwaja Qutubuddin Mowdud Chishti family, named Burhanuddin Bhakkari and his son Assadullah Kunj nashin Chishti migrated from Bakkar to Narhat Sheikhpura near Hisua at Nawada district of Gaya Bihar.
The first four saints of the Chistiyyah order in India were Moinuddin Chishti (d. 1233 in Ajmer), Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki (d. 1236 in Delhi), Fariduddin Ganjshakar (d.1265 in Pakpattan now in Pakistan) and Nizamuddin Auliya (d.1335 in Delhi).[2]. During the reign of Muhammad bin Tughluq, who spread the Delhi Sultanate southward, the Chistiyyah order spread its roots all across India.
Acceptance of Islam by Khanzadahs
The family records of Khanzadahs states that during one of the hunting expedition Kunwar Samar Pal and Kunwar Sopar Pal, the sons of Jadon Raja Lakhan Pal, met with Sufi saint Hazrat Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud, Roshan Chiragh-i Dehli (a disciple of Chisti Shaikh Hazrat Nizam-Ud-Din Auliya, Mehboob-e- Illahi). The acceptance of Islam by Khanzadahs have been a ‘enlightenment of heart’ come about from their association with the Sufi saints.. Naqshbandiya:
The Naqshbandiya tariqah is named after Hadrat Shah Baha al-Din Naqshband Radi Allahu anhu [d.791H / 1389CE] and is a tariqah that is widely active throughout the world today. It is described as the 'Mother of all Tariqah's' by Shaykh Ahmad al-Faruqi al-Sirhindi [d.1034H / 1624CE]( Radi Allahu anhu). There are hundreds of Spiritual Order's which are all on the correct path but the Naqshbandiya, together with the Qadiriya, Chistiya and Suhrawardiya, are considered as the four main Silsila's of the Ahl as-Sunnah wa'l Jama'at.
The designation of the Naqshbandi Golden Chain has changed from century to century. From the time of Hadrat Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu ta'ala anhu to the time of Hadrat Bayazid al-Bistami radi Allahu ta'ala anhu it was called as-Siddiqiyya. From the time of Bayazid al-Bistami [d.261H] radi Allahu ta'ala anhu to the time of Sayyadina Abdul Khaliq al-Ghujdawani [d.575H] radi Allahu anhu it was called at-Tayfuriyya. From the time of Sayyadina 'Abdul Khaliq al-Ghujdawani radi Allahu ta'ala anhu to the time of Hadrat Shah Naqshband radi Allahu ta'ala anhu it was called the Khwajaganiyya.
From the time of Hadrat Shah Naqshband [d.791H] radi Allahu ta'ala anhu through the time of Sayyadina Ubaidullah al-Ahrar radi Allahu ta'ala anhu and Sayyidina Ahmad Faruqi [d.1034H] radi Allahu ta'ala anhu, it was called Naqshbandiyya. Naqshbandiyya means to "tie the Naqsh very well." The Naqsh is the perfect engraving of Allah's Name in the heart of the murid [disciple]. From the time of Sayyadina Ahmad al-Faruqi [d.1034H] radi Allahu anhu to the time of Shaykh Khalid al-Baghdadi [d.1242H] radi Allahu anhu it was called Naqshbandi-Mujaddidiyya. From the time of Sayyidina Khalid al-Baghdadi [d.1242H] radi Allahu anhu until the time of Sayyadina Shaykh Ismail Shirwani radi Allahu anhu it was called the Naqshbandiyya-Khalidiyya.
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/Bahauddin_Uzbk.htm
Qadiriyyah:
Qadiriyyah (also transliterated Kadri, Elkadry, Kadray, Qadiri or Qadri), is one of the oldest Sufi tariqas. It derives its name from Abdul-Qadir Gilani (radi Allah anhu) (also transliterated as "Jil lani" or "Jailani" and "Jilali" in the Maghreb) AH 470 (1077-1166), a native of the Iranian province of Gilan. In 1134 he was made principal of a Sunni Hanbalite school in Baghdad.
His contribution and renown in the sciences of Sufism and Sharia was so immense that he became known as the spiritual pole of his time, al-Gauth al Azam (the "Supreme Helper" or the "Mightiest Succor"). His writings were similar to those of al-Ghazali in that they dealt with both the fundamentals of Islam and the mystical experience of Sufism.
The Order is the most widespread of the Sufi Orders in the Islamic world and can be found in Afghanistan, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Turkey, the Balkans, China, as well as much of the East and West Africa, like Morocco.[citation needed]
There are even small groups in Europe and the Americas. The famous traveller and writer Isabelle Eberhardt also belonged to the Qadiri order.
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/GausPak.htm
Madariya:
Madariyya is the name of a Sufi order founded by Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar(radi Allah anhu), He is a prominent sufi saint whose tomb is situated in Makanpur, near Kanpur city in the State of Uttar Pradesh in INDIA.
He was born in 242 Hijri, and lived for 576 yrs, When Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar(radi Allah anhu was 14 years of age, he had completed the education and he asked his father Sayed kazi kidwattuddin ali halbi (radi Allah anhu that he wishes to merge in the Jaffariya chain.
That thought also encouraged him to say before his parents that there are two main tasks to be done in his life one is towards the almighty Allah and other is towards the parents. Hence he requested them to let him go into the way of Islam and spread the teachings of Islam amongst others. He was permitted by his parents for the task with the answer that we free you from our rights and let you in the hands of the almighty Allah.
Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar was the Khalifa of Sultanul Arifeen Hazrat Bayjid Bustami (radiAllah anhu) when they met Sultanul Arifeen Hazrat Bayjid Bustami(radiAllah anhu) said that Badiuddin, I was waiting for you. I used to see a miraculous light here, but now that I had seen you I believe that the light I had seen is you.
Mureed (Disciple) of Hazrat Sayed Bayazid Bustami Sahib:
Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar (radiAllah anhu) got fame in the region that there is a true follower of Islam here in the people, and that he is sure a wali of Allah, who is an example into himself. When this news reached Hazrat Sayed Bayazid Bustami(radiAllah anhu), he invited Hazrat Shah Madar Sahib(radiAllah anhu) to his place.
In the first meeting he kissed the forehead and eyes of Madar Sahib (radiAllah anhu) and said that in a dream he saw that The Prophet (may peace be upon him) in one gathering has ordered Bustami (radiAllah anhu) that very soon you will meet a man whose name will be Ahmad Badiuddin(radiAllah anhu). So when you meet him you should offer him all the teachings that you have earned, as it is his authority. So I am ready to do so.
After that Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar(radiAllah anhu) was pledged with the Tayfooriya chain and was being said as Silsila-e-Tayfooriya. Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar(radiAllah anhu) accepted the fellowship of the Bayazid(radiAllah anhu), and he continued the journey towards Makkah and performed the Hajj. After that he stayed there for some days. One day when he was doing the Tawa'af of the Kaba shareef when he heard a voice saying that: "Badiuddin, you should leave for Madina. Hearing this it was the extent of his curiosity and he left immediately towards Madina.
Note: Junaid Baghdadi has said in his sayings about Hazrat Afreen Bayazid Bustami((radiAllah anhu) that his status in the walies is the most prominent one. Where all the ways towards the followers of the almighty ends, there starts the beginning of the Bayjid chain.
Hazrat Abu Sayed Al Khair has said that he has seen that the Bayazid is the follower of truth.
http://www.zindashahmadar.org
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Kanpur.htm
Badawiyyah:
The Badawiyyah, Sufi tarika, was founded in the thirteenth century in Egypt by Hazrat Ahmad al-Badawi(radiaAllah anhu). Hazrat Ahmad al-Badawi(radiaAllah anhu) is one of the 4 main kutub-ul-kutubs of this world who handels the nizam of all the Auliya Allah.
He was born in Fez, Morocco in 596 AH and died in Tanta, Egypt in 675 AH. He was noted for his ascetic behavior, and was also known to perform many miracles.
This silsila was, extremely popular during both the Mamluk and Ottoman periods of Egypt. Mamluk Sultans often supported elaborate 'Mawlids' at the resting place of Sheikh Ahmed al-Badawi (radiaAllah anhu) in the Nile Delta town of Tanta.
During the Ottoman period, this order spread to Turkey and there were several Tekkes or zawiyas in Istanbul many of which survived until the founding of the Turkish republic.
The Urs of Hazrat Seyyid Badawi (radiaAllah anhu) is still celebrated in Egypt every year where the population of Tanta swells to almost double. Tents are placed in the streets around the Mosque of Seyyid Badawi (radiaAllah anhu) where Qur'an recitations and sermons by important scholars from al-Azhar are delivered.
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/Sayed_Ahmed_Al_Badwi.htm
Qalandariyah:
Qalandar is a title given to Sufi mystics,
The Qalandariyah, Qalandaris or "kalandars" are wanderering Sufi dervishes. The term covers a variety of sects, not centrally organized. One was founded by Qalandar Yusuf al-Andalusi of Andalusia, Spain.
Starting in the early 12th century, the movement gained popularity in Greater Khorasan and neighbouring regions. The first references are found in 11th century prose text Qalandarname (The Tale of the Kalandar) attributed to Ansari Harawi. The term Qalandariyyat (the Qalandar condition) appears to be first applied by Sanai Ghaznavi (d 1131) in seminal poetic works where diverse practices are described. Particular to the qalandar genre of poetry are terms that refer to gambling, games, intoxicants and Nazar ila'l-murd - themes commonly referred to as kufriyyat or kharabat.
The term remains in popular culture. Sufi qawwali singers the Sabri brothers and international Qawwali star Nustrat Fateh Ali Khan favoured the chant dam a dam masta qalandar (Oh go, go, crazy Qalandar!),
Some famous Sufis called Qalandar include Dada Hayat Qalandar, Hazrat Lal Shahbaz Qalander and Bu Ali Shah Qalandar, Hazrat Zhul Al Nun Misri, Rabia Basri Qalandar.
Today, the term qalanders in South Asia often refers to roaming Muslim teachers who may be spiritually associated with the above mentioned saints.
Rifaiya:
The Founder of this silsila is Hazrath Syedna Ahmed Kabir Rifayee Razi Allahu Taala Anhu
His full name was Abdul Abbas Mohiuddin Syed Ahmed Kabir Rifayee (Razi Allahu Taala anhu). One of his forefather's name was 'Rifaah' and so he became very popular with the name of Rifayee. Having born as 15th descendant of Hazrath Syedna Imam Hussain Razi Allahu Taala anhu, he was called 'Hussaini'. He belonged to the 'Shaafayee' Maslak. Even before his birth itself Huzur Akram Sallallahu Alaih Wasallam prophesied about him to his maternal uncle Hazrath Baz'as'hab Mansoor Bataahi (R.A.). He asked him to name the boy Ahmed. He said that he would be the leader of saints (Auliya Allah) and advised him to send the boy to Shaik Ali Qadiri Wasthi (R.A.) for education and training.
The order has a marked presence in Syria and Egypt and plays a noticeable role in Kosovo and Albania. The Rifa'i Tariqa has a notable tendency to blend worship styles or ideas with those of other orders that predominate in the local area. For example, the group established by Ken'an Rifa'i in Istanbul reflects elements of the Mevlevi Order, while more rural Turkish Rifa'is have sometimes absorbed significant influence from the Alevi/Bektashi tradition.
The order spread into Anatolia during the 14th and 15th Centuries and ibn Battuta makes note of Rifa'i 'tekkes' in central Anatolia. The order however, began to make ground in Turkey during the 17th to 19th centuries when tekkes began to be found in Istanbul the imperial capital of the Ottoman Empire, from here the order spread into the Balkans (especially Bosnia (where they are still present), modern day Albania and Kosovo. During the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II the Rifa'i order gained even more popularity in Istanbul ranking alongside the Khalwati, Qadiri and Naqshbandi orders as 'orthodox' Sufi orders.
Current manifestations of the order in the United States include the tekkes (lodges) in Staten Island and Toronto that were under the guidance of the late Shaykh Xhemali Shehu (d.2004) of Prizren, Kosovo. Each of these orders is ultimately Turkish in origin.
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/iraq.htm#14
Shadhili:
The Shazhili order takes its name from Shaykh Abu'l-Hassan ash-Shazhili (1196/1197 - 1258 CE). He was born in Ghumara, near Cueta in northern Morocco into a family of peasant labourers. He studied the principles of Islamic Law (fiqh) at the Qarawiyyin University in Fez. He subsequently traveled to many countries. In Iraq he met the Sufi Hazrat Shaykh Wasiti (RA) who told him to return to his country where he could find Hazrat Moulay Abus-Salam Ibn Mashish (RA), the great Moroccan spiritual master. He did so, and became the close follower of this spiritual master who initiated him in the way of remembrance of Allah. When he met Hazrat Moulay Abus-Salam (RA), after ritually washing himself, he said, 'O Allah, I have been washed of my knowledge and action so that I do not possess knowledge or action except what comes to me from this Shaykh.'
Shaykh Abu'l-Hassan ash-Shazhili traveled from Morocco to Spain and finally settled down in Alexandria in Egypt. Later on in life, when asked who his spiritual master was, he used to reply, 'I used to be the close follower (murid) of Hazrat Moulay Abus-Salam Ibn Mashish(RA), but I am no more the murid of any human master.'
Hazrat Shaykh Abu'l-Abbas al-Mursi (d. 1288), who succeeded Hazrat Shaykh ash-Shazhili (RA) as the next spiritual master of the Order, was asked about the knowledge of his spiritual master and replied, 'He gave me forty sciences. He was an ocean without a shore.'
Hazrat Shaykh ash-Shazhili (RA) had hundreds of close followers in both Alexandria and Cairo, not only from among the common people but also from among the ruling classes. He taught his close followers to lead a life of contemplation and remembrance of Allah while performing the normal everyday activities of the world. He disliked initiating any would-be follower unless that person already had a profession. His admonition to his close followers was to apply the teachings of Islam in their own lives in the world and to transform their existence.
Among the many writings attributed to Hazrat Shaykh Abu'l-Hassan ash-Shazhili is famous litany "Hizb al-Bahar".
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/Egypt.htm
Shattari :
Shattari is a Sufi mystical order (tariqah) originating in Persia in the fifteenth century A.D. and later taken to India. The word Shattar means "speed", "rapidness" or "fast-goer and is a system of spiritual practices which lead quickly to a state of annihilation of the ego in God (fana) and subsistence through God (baqa).
Idries Shah(RA), writing in The Sufis, states that the Shattari technique or "the Rapidness" originated with the Naqshbandi Sufi Order and that after the early nineteenth century it returned to "the custody" of that "parent school".
The Shattari succession or chain of transmission (silsilah) is said to ultimately go back to Sheikh Bayazid Taifur Bustami(radiAllah Anhu),whilst the order itself, which uses the Shattari techniques, is a branch of the Tayfuri Khanwada and was reputedly founded by Sheikh Sirajuddin Abdullah Shattar(RA) (d. 1406 CE), a descendent of Sheikh Shihabuddin Suhrawardi(radiAllahanhu) Shattar was deputized and given the honorific "Shattar" by his teacher Sheikh Muhammad Taifur (radiAllahanhu) in recognition of the austerities he faced in achieving this station (maqaam).
The book Jawahir-i khams, (The Five Jewels).
Originating in Persia, the order and its teachings were later brought to India by Sheikh Abdullah Shattar.(RA) According to Idries Shah(RA), "Hazrat Shattar (RA) visited India in the fifteenth century, wandering from one monastery to another, and made known the method. His procedure was to approach the chief of a Sufi group and say, 'Teach me your method, share it with me. If you will not, I invite you to share mine.'"
Hazrat Shattar's(radiAllahanhu) successor was Shah Wajih ad-Din (RA) (d. 1018 AH / 1609 CE), a "great saint" who wrote many books and founded an educational institution (madrasa).[6]
One of the order's notable masters was the 16th century Sufi saint and musician, Sayyid Muhammad Ghawth (RA) (d. 1562/3 CE), who developed the Shattari more fully into a "distinctive order"; taught the Mughal Emperor Humayun,] and wrote the book Jawahir-i khams, (The Five Jewels). The influence of the Shattari Order grew strong during Sayyid Muhammad Ghawth(RA) leadership and spread through South Asia.
Sayyid Muhammad Ghawth(RA) was also a tutor of the Mughal emperor Akbar's favorite musician, Tansen. It is uncertain whether Tansen was tutored in Sufism, in music or in both, but Tansen was familiar with Sufism. Sayyid Muhammad Ghawth(RA) tomb in Gwalior is a well-known tourist attraction, and regarded as an excellent example of Mughal Architecture. Tansen was buried in Ghawth's tomb complex
Suhrawardiyya:
Suhrawardiyya is the name of a Sufi order founded by Iranian Sufi Diya al-din Abu 'n-Najib as-Suhrawardi (RA) (1097 – 1168).
He was a murid of Ahmad al-Ghazali(RA), who was a brother of Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazali.c. 545 A.H. he was teaching Shafi'i fiqh at Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad Academy. His surviving work is called Kitab Adab Al-Muridin.
Many Sufis from all over the Islamic world joined the order under the founder's nephew Hazrat Shihab ad-din Abu Hafs 'Umar(RA) (1145-1234), who was sent as emissary to the court of Khwarezm Shah in Bukhara by the Khalifa in Baghdad. His son is buried in Tashkent. Later the Order spread into India through Hazrat Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari(RA) and Hazrat Baha-ud-din Zakariya(RA).
The principal role in the formation of a conservative ‘new piety’ and in the initiation of urban commercial and vocational groups into mysticism was played by the Suhrawardiyya silsila. Suhrawardiyya originated in Iraq but succeeded only in India to take shape as a fraternity with its infrastructure, internal hierarchy of members and cloisters and a single centre in Multan and Uchch. The Suhrawardiyya is a strictly Sunni order, guided by Shafi`i madhab. The Suhrawardiyya trace their spiritual genealogy to Hazrat Ali ibn Abi Talib (A.S.)through Junayd Baghdadi and al-Ghazali(RDA).
Shaikh Shihab ad-din Abu Hafs Umar al-Suhrawardi(RA), took recourse to active life, renounced reclusion and excessive fasting, maintained close contacts with the authorities, and undertook diplomatic missions and political settlement of conflicts. His luxurious cloister in Baghdad, with gardens and bath houses, was specially built for him by Caliph an-Nasir, on whose behalf Abu Hafs travelled as an ambassador to the Ayyubid Sultan Malik al-Adil I of Egypt, to Khwarezm-Shah Muhammad of Bukhara and to Kaiqubad I, the Seljuk ruler of Konya.
Shaikh Abu Hafs Umar al-Suhrawardi(RDA), the author of “Awarif al-Ma’arif”, directed his disciples Hazrat Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari & Shaikh Baha-ud-din Zakariya of Multan (1182-1262 AD) to make Multan the center of his activity. Iltutmish appointed him as "Shaikhul Islam" after the invasion of Multan and topple its ruler, Qabacha. During the Mongol invasion he became the peace negotiotor between invaders and muslim army.
Another Suharwardi, Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) buried at Konya, Turkey, received formal initiation into the Sufi way under Shaykh Baha'uddin Zakariya (RA), Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) lived in Multan for 25 years as one of the Suhrawardis, composing poetry. As Shaykh Baha'uddin(RA) was dying, he named Hazrat Fakhruddin 'Iraqi (RA ) to be his successor.
When it became known that Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) had been named head of the Suhrawardi Order, some in the order became jealous and denounced him to the Sultan who sought to have 'Iraqi arrested.
Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) fled the area with a few close companions, and they eventually made their way to Makkah and Medina. Later they moved north to Konya in Turkey. This was Konya at the time of Rumi. 'Iraqi often listened to Rumi teach and recite poetry, and later attended Rumi's funeral.
Although Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) was nominally the head (in exile) of a large and respected Sufi order, he humbly became the disciple of another Sufi master—Hazrat Sadruddin Qunawi(RA), who also lived in Konya at the time. Hazrat Sadruddin Qunawi(RA) was the son-in-law of the recently deceased Sufi philosopher Shaikh Ibn 'Arabi(RA). Although less known in the West today Hazrat Sadruddin Qunawi(RA) was perhaps the pre-eminent Sufi teacher in Konya at the time, even better known than his neighbor Rumi.
Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) was deeply devoted Hazrat Sadruddin Qunawi(RA) and to the teachings of Ibn 'Arabi(RA). It was a series of speeches Hazrat Sadruddin Qunawi(RA) delivered on the esoteric meaning of Ibn 'Arabi's great works that inspired Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) to compose his own masterpiece of commentary and poetry named the Lama'at or Divine Flashes.
When Fakhruddin 'Iraqi died he was buried near Ibn 'Arabi's (RA)tomb.
Baha-ud-din Zakariya’s(RA) successor then was his son Shaikh Sadruddin ‘Arif(RA). His disciple, Amir Husayn(RA)., the author of “Zad- al-Musafirin”, wrote several works on the doctrine Wahdat al-Wujud. Shaikh Arif’s(RA). son and caliph, Shaikh Ruknuddin (RA). was highly respected by the Delhi Sultans from ‘Alauddin Khilji to Muhammad Ibn Tughlaq.
After the death of Shaikh Ruknuddin(RA) the Suhrawardiyya silsila declined in Multan but became popular in other provinces like Uch, Gujarat, Punjab, Kashmir and even Delhi. Suharawardiyya order of Sufism became popular in Bengal (Contemporary Relevance of Sufism, 1993, published by Indian Council for Cultural relations).
It was popularised and revitalized by Hazrat Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari(RA) known as Makhdum Jahaniyan, the world traveler. He was puritan and strongly objected the Hindu influences to Muslim social and religious practices.
Another contemporary mystic who is worthy of mention was Shaikh Sharfuddin Yahya Manairi (RA). (d. 1380 AD). He belonged to the Firdausia order, a branch of Suhrawardiyya. He compiled several books, i.e. “Fawaid al-Muridin”, “Irshadat al-Talibin”,”Rahat al-Qulub”, etc.
Owaisiya:
Owaisiya is the name of a Sufi order founded by Hazrat Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu)
Hazrat Owais Qarni(radi Allah anhu) was born in the village of "Qaran" in Yemen. River "showor" flowed through the city of Zubaida.
The family was so poor that there was no money to send him to Maktab or a teacher. The miracle here is that Hazrat Rasule Karim (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) became the spiritual guardian of this child and though they never met, Hazrat Rasullullah (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) guided him at all times - such was their bondage. This is the reason why Rasullullah (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) would often look toward Yemen, and say : "I am getting the beautiful fragrance Allah's blessings in the breeze. It is for Owais Qarni." Hazrat Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu) could never meet Rasullullah (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam), primarily because he used to take care of his sick mother. She would not allow him to go anywhere. After the battle of Uhud, when Hazrat Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu) came to know that the Prophet had lost a few teeth during the encounter, he broke all his teeth one by one till none was left - as he did not know exactly how many or which ones were lost by the prophet (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam). Such was the bondage of divine love between the two men, who never met each other. Once he went to Madina but failed to meet his most loved guardian. It is on record that on that day the Prophet (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) suddenly left home to say prayers in the mosque, leaving hurried instructions that a great saint was coming to visit him shortly and that it was predestined that they shall never meet in this world Hazrat Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu) knocked the Prophet's door minutes after the Prophet had left. When he was told that the Prophet had just left for a nearby mosque, he only smiled, cried for a while and then left. Years after the Prophet's demise, on repeated requests from Khalifa Hazrat Umar (radi Allah anhu), Hazrat Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu) visited Madina where his most admired lay buried. He asked Umar (radi Allah anhu) to come just outside the border of Madina to meet him. Umar (radi Allah anhu) did what the great saint had bid, but asked why he ordered him to meet him outside Madina? Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu) said, "Omar, how can you walk so close over the soil under which lay buried the body of Muhammad (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) I cannot even set my foot on the city where he lies buried." Such was the depth of his love for the Prophet (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam). At last, only after the passing away of his mother, he could pay respects to Rasullullah's (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) holy grave. Such was pre-ordained for the greatest lover of Allah and his Prophet (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam). But it illustrated the pedestal of mothers. Serving them would take precedence over visiting even the Prophet(sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam).Hazrat Owais Qarni(radi Allah anhu) used to avoid meeting people who called on him, observing that the Day of Judgement was near and he could not afford to waste his time in earthly gossips.Qarni taught := He who recognises God as a friend makes friendship with no other creature= Consider the Quran like Khidr, thy guide, in the path and never forget death. Pray regularly and always.= Remember night is meant for worship not sleep.
The Prophet Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa Sallam told on the day of judgment that Allah will create 70,000 angels same as Owaise of Qarni Radi Allahu anhuand when Owaise of Qarni Radi Allahu anhu will come there in between them and will proceed to the heaven, no one will recognize him except Allah, because in the world he used to worship away from the mankind and so he will be kept away from the mankind on the day of judgment.
In his last days he met Ali Ibn Taleb alayhis 'salam and participated in the war of Seffin and was martyred there. There is a group of people who consider themselves as Owaisia. For them there is no need of teacher and they do not have any source with them like Owaise of Qarni Radi Allahu anhu, but they are on the right path of religion due to the Grace of Allah.
His Radi Allahu anhu grave is in a small village of Yemen, which is far away from capital Sana.
Mevlevi:
The Mevlevi Order, or the Mevlevilik or Mevleviye a Sufi order founded in Konya (in present-day Turkey) by the followers of Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Balkhi-Rumi(radiAllah anhu), a 13th century Persian poet, Islamic jurist, and theologian. They are also known as the Whirling Dervishes due to their famous practice of whirling as a form of dhikr (remembrance of God). Dervish is a common term for an initiate of the Sufi path; the whirling is part of the formal Sema ceremony and the participants are properly known as semazens.[1]
The Mevlevi was founded in 1273 by Rumi's(radiAllah anhu). followers after his death, particularly by his successor Hüsamettin Çelebi who decided to build a mausoleum for Mevlâna, and then Mevlâna's son, Sultan Veled Celebi (or Çelebi, Chelebi, meaning "fully initiated"). He was an accomplished Sufi mystic with great organizing talents. His personal efforts were continued by his successor Ulu Arif Çelebi.
The Mevlevi believe in performing their dhikr in the form of a "dance" and music ceremony called the Sema, which involves the whirling from which the order acquired its nickname. The Sema represents a mystical journey of man's spiritual ascent through mind and love to "Perfect". Turning towards the truth, the follower grows through love, deserts his ego, finds the truth and arrives at the "Perfect". He then returns from this spiritual journey as a man who has reached maturity and a greater perfection, so as to love and to be of service to the whole of creation.
Rumi has said in reference to Sema, "For them it is the Sema of this world and the other. Even more for the circle of dancers within the Sema Who turn and have in their midst, their own Ka'aba." and what he is saying is that when, like in Mecca you have come closer to God, likewise when you perform Sema you are also closer to God.
Khalwati:
The Khalwati Sufi order (or Halveti, as it is known in Turkey) is an Islamic Sufi brotherhood (tariqa). Along with the Naqshbandi, Qadiri and Shadhili orders, it is among the most famous Sufi orders. It was founded by Pir Umar Khalwati(rehmatullah alaih) in the city of Herat in medieval Khorasan (now located in western Afghanistan).
The order spread mostly by wandering Dervishes in vast area, now being part of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. It originally attracted the attention of the Mamluk Sultans of Egypt and Syria who by and large supported the Sufi orders and gave a great deal of reverence to wandering Dervishes. From their centers of worship (so called tekkes) in these areas, the order began to spread to the urban centers of the Islamic world.
The order grew in popularity during Ottoman times and spread from its origins in the Middle East to the Balkans (especially in southern Greece,Kosovo and Macedonia, to Egypt (where it was a popular Sufi order amongst many of the Sheikhs of al-Azhar University),[citation needed] Sudan and almost all corners of the Ottoman Empire.
The Khalwati order had many tekkes in Istanbul, the most famous being the Jerrahi, Ussaki, Sunbuli, Ramazaniyye and Nasuhi. Although the Sufi orders are now abolished in the Republic of Turkey, the above are almost all now mosques and/or places of visitation by Muslims for prayer.
The Khalwati order however, still remains strong in Egypt where the Sufi orders do receive a degree of support from the government. The Khalwati order also remains strong in the Sudan.
The Nigerian Sheikh Usman Dan Fodio, although a Qadiri, was initiated into the Khalwati order along with the Naqshbandi order, and Shaykh Ahmed at-Tijani was also originally a Khalwati.[citation needed]
The name of the order is derived from the term "khalwa", which refers to a spiritual retreat.
Ba'Alawi :
The Ba'Alawi Sadah has a Sufi tariqa. It is founded by al-Faqih Muqaddam As-Sayyid Muhammad bin Ali Ba'Alawi al-Husaini(rehmatullah alaih), who died in the year 653 AH (1232 CE). He received his ijazah from Abu Madyan(rehmatullah alaih) in Morocco via two of his students. Abu Madyan was a student of Abdul Qadir Jilani (radiAllah anhu), as well as one of the syaikhs in the Shadhiliya tariqa chain of spiritual transmitters from the Holy Prophet Muhammad (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam).
Rehmaniya:
Hazrat Maulana Fazl-E-Rehman Gujmuradabadi(rehmatullah alaih) was the Gaus,Kutub, Imam,Mujaddid of his time and was followed and loved by evry one, He is one of the most repected Auliya Allah in the list of all. He was the mureed and jansheen Khalifa of Hazrat Arif-E-Haq Khwaja Afaq Sahab (rehmatullah alaih). He was born on 1st Ramzan Mubarak 1208 Hijri and died on 21st Rabi ul awwal 1313 Hijri. He use to not drink milk until it was magrib for the whole month of ramzan mubarak. He was so much involved in the love of Allah and our Holy Prophet (Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam) and in the same way our Holy Prophet (Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam) & His Family (Ahle Bayat)use to love him .When ever he wanted he had the didar(vision) of holy Prophet (Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam). He had spend his whole life teaching the qalities of Islam, Sunnah, Love and Humanity. He dedicated his whole life for the welfare of mankind. He had the khilafat from Qadri, Chisti, Naqshbandi and Soharwardi Silsila. He also shares the blood realtion with all this 4 silsila including silsila-e-arabiya. He also took the knowledge of silsila-e-madariya from his pir sahab but his main intrest was in silsila-e-naqsbandiya. Many time he was blessed with the vision of Panjatan Pak(alaih salam), Shaba-E-Karam(radiallahu anhu), Gaus-e- Pak (radiallahu anhu) he use to call him Nana jan, Mujadid Alif Sani(rahmatullah alaih) and many great personalities.
Hazrat Shah Abdul Aziz Dhelvi(rahmatullah alaih) is a grt muhadis of his time and has taught hadees shareef to many great personalities like :
Haji Waris Pak,
Mawlana Sayyid Shah Al'e Rasul Qadri Barkati Marahrawi
Sayyad Ahmad Barelwi
Mawlana Fazl-e-Haq Khayrabadi
Mawlana Mahboob Ali Dehlawi
Mufti Sadr al-Din Aazurdah
Mawlana Muhammad Ali
Mawlana Ahmad Ali….. and many more(peace be upon them all)
See what he has said about Hazrat Maulana Shah Fazl-e-Rehman Gujmuradabadi (rahmatullah alaih):
Hazrat Shah Abdul Aziz Dhelvi(rahmatullah alaih) damaad (son inlaw) asked him that what is the use of teaching Maulvi Fazl-E-Rehman from Isha to Tahajud change the timings. Hazrat Shah Abdul Aziz Dhelvi(rahmatullah alaih) replied the reason for teaching Maulvi Fazl-E-Rehman alone is that he is learing directly from the bargah(presence) of our Holy Prophet(sal-lal-laho-tala-alahi-wasalm) and this is the only reason why i have asked you to attain the classes so that you might gain something, I suggest you should learn from Hazrat Maulana Shah Fazl-e-Rehman Gujmuradabadi (rahmatullah alaih). He is getting the knowledge of Hadees Shraif directly from Holy Prophet(sal-lal-laho-tala-alahi-wasalm) what ever he wants he asks our Holy Prophet(sal-lal-laho-tala-alahi-wasalm) and it is granted to him.
The People of Firangi mehal and many grt shcolar use to say that who ever wants to see the life of Prophet (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalm) and the sahaba(radiAllah anhu) in todays day must see Hazrat Maulana Shah Fazl-e-Rehman Gujmuradabadi (rahmatullah alaih).
http://silsila-e-rehmani.webs.com
Warsi:
Sarkar Waris Pak (rehmatullah alaih) was a great Sufi saint of india is admired by peoples of all faiths. Sarkar Waris Pak(rehmatullah alaih) owned the Qadriyya -Razzakiyya Silsila. His genealogy shows that he was born in the 26th generation of Hazrat Imam Hussain(alaih salam). The date of his birth is disputed varying from 1233 A.H. to 1238 A.H. The author of Maarif Warisya has put the date of his birth as 1234 A.H. corresponding to 1809 of the Christian era. His father, Syed Qurban Ali Shah(rehmatullah alaih) belonged to a land-lord class and was a man of considerable learning having completed his education in Baghdad.
He accepted millions of people belonging to all faith in to warsi silsila.During that Period Firangi Mahal was the famous religious centre for north indian muslims and they too were Qadiri People so it was obvious for them to have intimacy with Sarkar.Ulemas of Firangi Mahal regarded him as Kamilieen .
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/lucknow.htm
Sarwari:
The Sarwari Qadiri Sufi tariqa was originated by Sultan Bahu (rehmatullah alaih) in the seventeenth century. The first part of its name, Sawari, derives from the fact that Sultan Bahu claimed to have taken the oath of allegiance directly from Muhammad(sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalm). The second part, Qadiri, signifies that this order is essentially an offshoot of the Qadiri order, because Sultan Bahu also claimed to have been a disciple of Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani (radiAllah anhu).
The Sarwari Qadiri order is very similar in its over all philosophy to the Qadiri order, but distinguishes itself in certain points, the most notable being Sultan Bahu's stress and extensive reliance on the practice of 'Tasswar-e-Ism-Zaat' for this disciples. The basic idea of this practice is to visualize the Arabic name of God, Allah as having been written on the disciple's heart.
Zahediyeh:
The Zahediyeh Sufi Order was founded by Sheikh Zahed Gilani (rehmatullah alaih) of Lahijan. As a precursor to the Safaviyeh Order, which was yet to culminate in the Safavid Dynasty, the Zahediyeh Order and its Murshid, Sheikh Zahed Gilani(rehmatullah alaih), reserve a distinct place in the history of Iran
The Turkish Bayrami and Jelveti orders are derived from him.
The Chishtiyyah originated in Chisht sharif Herat, Afghanistan but it took root in India[13] whither it was brought by several Central Asian mystics (most notably Moinuddin Chishti and Bakhtiar Kaki).
The first of the Chishti saints was Abu Ishaq Shami Chishti (d. 329/940-41), whose shaykh was a well-known Sufi shaykh, Mimshad (or Memshadh, after al-Dhahabi in Tarikh al-islam) al-Dinawari (d. 299/911-12). In the comparative table of Sufi Biographies at the end of Introduction in his book titled Muslim Saints and Mystics, the author A. J. Arberry writes his name as Memshad-al-Dinawari and mentions that early sufi historians Abdur Rahman Sullami (d.412/1021)., Al-Qushayeri (d. 465/1072) and Fariduddin Attar( 1119 -1230 AD) have described Memshad-al-Dinawarias as a great sufi master of Baghdad a disciple of Master Junaid Baghdadi.
Hazrat Shoaib Firdowsi Shikhpurvi, a 15th century Indian sufi of Bihar describes him as Memshad Dinawari ممشاد ( کسر میم اول سکون میم دو م) دینوری(کسر دال فتح نون فتح واو کسر را) Through Hazrat Junaid Baghdadi, he followed the path of Sufyian suri (Thuri) and Serri Seqti in the line of Maaruf Karkhi, Dawood Taaei and Hazrat Imam AliReza .Khwaja Mamshad Ali Dainuri (Mimshad Dinavari ) was succeeded by Khwaja Abu Ishaq Shami who was deputed by the Shaikh to settle down at a place called Chisht in the neighbourhood of Herat. Shaikh Abu Ishaq Shami was the first Shaikh who was called Abu Ishaq Chisti . It is thus that a great Silsila Chishtiya came into existence. He was succeeded by Khwaja Abu Ahmad Abdal who was a dignitary of Chisht. Through him and his successors including Khwaja Qutubuddin Mowdud Chishti this chain of Sufism connected Ajmer Sharif to Baghdad.
During Mongol invasion in 1220 and Safavid attack in 1509 Ad many Chishti sufis migrated to Uch, Ajodhan, Bhakkar and Sehwan of Sindh. Wali Kirani Chishti is buried in Shal Quetta. During Moghul emperror Humayun reign, one Chishti sufi from Khwaja Qutubuddin Mowdud Chishti family, named Burhanuddin Bhakkari and his son Assadullah Kunj nashin Chishti migrated from Bakkar to Narhat Sheikhpura near Hisua at Nawada district of Gaya Bihar.
The first four saints of the Chistiyyah order in India were Moinuddin Chishti (d. 1233 in Ajmer), Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki (d. 1236 in Delhi), Fariduddin Ganjshakar (d.1265 in Pakpattan now in Pakistan) and Nizamuddin Auliya (d.1335 in Delhi).[2]. During the reign of Muhammad bin Tughluq, who spread the Delhi Sultanate southward, the Chistiyyah order spread its roots all across India.
Acceptance of Islam by Khanzadahs
The family records of Khanzadahs states that during one of the hunting expedition Kunwar Samar Pal and Kunwar Sopar Pal, the sons of Jadon Raja Lakhan Pal, met with Sufi saint Hazrat Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud, Roshan Chiragh-i Dehli (a disciple of Chisti Shaikh Hazrat Nizam-Ud-Din Auliya, Mehboob-e- Illahi). The acceptance of Islam by Khanzadahs have been a ‘enlightenment of heart’ come about from their association with the Sufi saints.. Naqshbandiya:
The Naqshbandiya tariqah is named after Hadrat Shah Baha al-Din Naqshband Radi Allahu anhu [d.791H / 1389CE] and is a tariqah that is widely active throughout the world today. It is described as the 'Mother of all Tariqah's' by Shaykh Ahmad al-Faruqi al-Sirhindi [d.1034H / 1624CE]( Radi Allahu anhu). There are hundreds of Spiritual Order's which are all on the correct path but the Naqshbandiya, together with the Qadiriya, Chistiya and Suhrawardiya, are considered as the four main Silsila's of the Ahl as-Sunnah wa'l Jama'at.
The designation of the Naqshbandi Golden Chain has changed from century to century. From the time of Hadrat Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu ta'ala anhu to the time of Hadrat Bayazid al-Bistami radi Allahu ta'ala anhu it was called as-Siddiqiyya. From the time of Bayazid al-Bistami [d.261H] radi Allahu ta'ala anhu to the time of Sayyadina Abdul Khaliq al-Ghujdawani [d.575H] radi Allahu anhu it was called at-Tayfuriyya. From the time of Sayyadina 'Abdul Khaliq al-Ghujdawani radi Allahu ta'ala anhu to the time of Hadrat Shah Naqshband radi Allahu ta'ala anhu it was called the Khwajaganiyya.
From the time of Hadrat Shah Naqshband [d.791H] radi Allahu ta'ala anhu through the time of Sayyadina Ubaidullah al-Ahrar radi Allahu ta'ala anhu and Sayyidina Ahmad Faruqi [d.1034H] radi Allahu ta'ala anhu, it was called Naqshbandiyya. Naqshbandiyya means to "tie the Naqsh very well." The Naqsh is the perfect engraving of Allah's Name in the heart of the murid [disciple]. From the time of Sayyadina Ahmad al-Faruqi [d.1034H] radi Allahu anhu to the time of Shaykh Khalid al-Baghdadi [d.1242H] radi Allahu anhu it was called Naqshbandi-Mujaddidiyya. From the time of Sayyidina Khalid al-Baghdadi [d.1242H] radi Allahu anhu until the time of Sayyadina Shaykh Ismail Shirwani radi Allahu anhu it was called the Naqshbandiyya-Khalidiyya.
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/Bahauddin_Uzbk.htm
Qadiriyyah:
Qadiriyyah (also transliterated Kadri, Elkadry, Kadray, Qadiri or Qadri), is one of the oldest Sufi tariqas. It derives its name from Abdul-Qadir Gilani (radi Allah anhu) (also transliterated as "Jil lani" or "Jailani" and "Jilali" in the Maghreb) AH 470 (1077-1166), a native of the Iranian province of Gilan. In 1134 he was made principal of a Sunni Hanbalite school in Baghdad.
His contribution and renown in the sciences of Sufism and Sharia was so immense that he became known as the spiritual pole of his time, al-Gauth al Azam (the "Supreme Helper" or the "Mightiest Succor"). His writings were similar to those of al-Ghazali in that they dealt with both the fundamentals of Islam and the mystical experience of Sufism.
The Order is the most widespread of the Sufi Orders in the Islamic world and can be found in Afghanistan, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Turkey, the Balkans, China, as well as much of the East and West Africa, like Morocco.[citation needed]
There are even small groups in Europe and the Americas. The famous traveller and writer Isabelle Eberhardt also belonged to the Qadiri order.
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/GausPak.htm
Madariya:
Madariyya is the name of a Sufi order founded by Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar(radi Allah anhu), He is a prominent sufi saint whose tomb is situated in Makanpur, near Kanpur city in the State of Uttar Pradesh in INDIA.
He was born in 242 Hijri, and lived for 576 yrs, When Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar(radi Allah anhu was 14 years of age, he had completed the education and he asked his father Sayed kazi kidwattuddin ali halbi (radi Allah anhu that he wishes to merge in the Jaffariya chain.
That thought also encouraged him to say before his parents that there are two main tasks to be done in his life one is towards the almighty Allah and other is towards the parents. Hence he requested them to let him go into the way of Islam and spread the teachings of Islam amongst others. He was permitted by his parents for the task with the answer that we free you from our rights and let you in the hands of the almighty Allah.
Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar was the Khalifa of Sultanul Arifeen Hazrat Bayjid Bustami (radiAllah anhu) when they met Sultanul Arifeen Hazrat Bayjid Bustami(radiAllah anhu) said that Badiuddin, I was waiting for you. I used to see a miraculous light here, but now that I had seen you I believe that the light I had seen is you.
Mureed (Disciple) of Hazrat Sayed Bayazid Bustami Sahib:
Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar (radiAllah anhu) got fame in the region that there is a true follower of Islam here in the people, and that he is sure a wali of Allah, who is an example into himself. When this news reached Hazrat Sayed Bayazid Bustami(radiAllah anhu), he invited Hazrat Shah Madar Sahib(radiAllah anhu) to his place.
In the first meeting he kissed the forehead and eyes of Madar Sahib (radiAllah anhu) and said that in a dream he saw that The Prophet (may peace be upon him) in one gathering has ordered Bustami (radiAllah anhu) that very soon you will meet a man whose name will be Ahmad Badiuddin(radiAllah anhu). So when you meet him you should offer him all the teachings that you have earned, as it is his authority. So I am ready to do so.
After that Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar(radiAllah anhu) was pledged with the Tayfooriya chain and was being said as Silsila-e-Tayfooriya. Hazrat Sayed Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar(radiAllah anhu) accepted the fellowship of the Bayazid(radiAllah anhu), and he continued the journey towards Makkah and performed the Hajj. After that he stayed there for some days. One day when he was doing the Tawa'af of the Kaba shareef when he heard a voice saying that: "Badiuddin, you should leave for Madina. Hearing this it was the extent of his curiosity and he left immediately towards Madina.
Note: Junaid Baghdadi has said in his sayings about Hazrat Afreen Bayazid Bustami((radiAllah anhu) that his status in the walies is the most prominent one. Where all the ways towards the followers of the almighty ends, there starts the beginning of the Bayjid chain.
Hazrat Abu Sayed Al Khair has said that he has seen that the Bayazid is the follower of truth.
http://www.zindashahmadar.org
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Kanpur.htm
Badawiyyah:
The Badawiyyah, Sufi tarika, was founded in the thirteenth century in Egypt by Hazrat Ahmad al-Badawi(radiaAllah anhu). Hazrat Ahmad al-Badawi(radiaAllah anhu) is one of the 4 main kutub-ul-kutubs of this world who handels the nizam of all the Auliya Allah.
He was born in Fez, Morocco in 596 AH and died in Tanta, Egypt in 675 AH. He was noted for his ascetic behavior, and was also known to perform many miracles.
This silsila was, extremely popular during both the Mamluk and Ottoman periods of Egypt. Mamluk Sultans often supported elaborate 'Mawlids' at the resting place of Sheikh Ahmed al-Badawi (radiaAllah anhu) in the Nile Delta town of Tanta.
During the Ottoman period, this order spread to Turkey and there were several Tekkes or zawiyas in Istanbul many of which survived until the founding of the Turkish republic.
The Urs of Hazrat Seyyid Badawi (radiaAllah anhu) is still celebrated in Egypt every year where the population of Tanta swells to almost double. Tents are placed in the streets around the Mosque of Seyyid Badawi (radiaAllah anhu) where Qur'an recitations and sermons by important scholars from al-Azhar are delivered.
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/Sayed_Ahmed_Al_Badwi.htm
Qalandariyah:
Qalandar is a title given to Sufi mystics,
The Qalandariyah, Qalandaris or "kalandars" are wanderering Sufi dervishes. The term covers a variety of sects, not centrally organized. One was founded by Qalandar Yusuf al-Andalusi of Andalusia, Spain.
Starting in the early 12th century, the movement gained popularity in Greater Khorasan and neighbouring regions. The first references are found in 11th century prose text Qalandarname (The Tale of the Kalandar) attributed to Ansari Harawi. The term Qalandariyyat (the Qalandar condition) appears to be first applied by Sanai Ghaznavi (d 1131) in seminal poetic works where diverse practices are described. Particular to the qalandar genre of poetry are terms that refer to gambling, games, intoxicants and Nazar ila'l-murd - themes commonly referred to as kufriyyat or kharabat.
The term remains in popular culture. Sufi qawwali singers the Sabri brothers and international Qawwali star Nustrat Fateh Ali Khan favoured the chant dam a dam masta qalandar (Oh go, go, crazy Qalandar!),
Some famous Sufis called Qalandar include Dada Hayat Qalandar, Hazrat Lal Shahbaz Qalander and Bu Ali Shah Qalandar, Hazrat Zhul Al Nun Misri, Rabia Basri Qalandar.
Today, the term qalanders in South Asia often refers to roaming Muslim teachers who may be spiritually associated with the above mentioned saints.
Rifaiya:
The Founder of this silsila is Hazrath Syedna Ahmed Kabir Rifayee Razi Allahu Taala Anhu
His full name was Abdul Abbas Mohiuddin Syed Ahmed Kabir Rifayee (Razi Allahu Taala anhu). One of his forefather's name was 'Rifaah' and so he became very popular with the name of Rifayee. Having born as 15th descendant of Hazrath Syedna Imam Hussain Razi Allahu Taala anhu, he was called 'Hussaini'. He belonged to the 'Shaafayee' Maslak. Even before his birth itself Huzur Akram Sallallahu Alaih Wasallam prophesied about him to his maternal uncle Hazrath Baz'as'hab Mansoor Bataahi (R.A.). He asked him to name the boy Ahmed. He said that he would be the leader of saints (Auliya Allah) and advised him to send the boy to Shaik Ali Qadiri Wasthi (R.A.) for education and training.
The order has a marked presence in Syria and Egypt and plays a noticeable role in Kosovo and Albania. The Rifa'i Tariqa has a notable tendency to blend worship styles or ideas with those of other orders that predominate in the local area. For example, the group established by Ken'an Rifa'i in Istanbul reflects elements of the Mevlevi Order, while more rural Turkish Rifa'is have sometimes absorbed significant influence from the Alevi/Bektashi tradition.
The order spread into Anatolia during the 14th and 15th Centuries and ibn Battuta makes note of Rifa'i 'tekkes' in central Anatolia. The order however, began to make ground in Turkey during the 17th to 19th centuries when tekkes began to be found in Istanbul the imperial capital of the Ottoman Empire, from here the order spread into the Balkans (especially Bosnia (where they are still present), modern day Albania and Kosovo. During the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II the Rifa'i order gained even more popularity in Istanbul ranking alongside the Khalwati, Qadiri and Naqshbandi orders as 'orthodox' Sufi orders.
Current manifestations of the order in the United States include the tekkes (lodges) in Staten Island and Toronto that were under the guidance of the late Shaykh Xhemali Shehu (d.2004) of Prizren, Kosovo. Each of these orders is ultimately Turkish in origin.
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/iraq.htm#14
Shadhili:
The Shazhili order takes its name from Shaykh Abu'l-Hassan ash-Shazhili (1196/1197 - 1258 CE). He was born in Ghumara, near Cueta in northern Morocco into a family of peasant labourers. He studied the principles of Islamic Law (fiqh) at the Qarawiyyin University in Fez. He subsequently traveled to many countries. In Iraq he met the Sufi Hazrat Shaykh Wasiti (RA) who told him to return to his country where he could find Hazrat Moulay Abus-Salam Ibn Mashish (RA), the great Moroccan spiritual master. He did so, and became the close follower of this spiritual master who initiated him in the way of remembrance of Allah. When he met Hazrat Moulay Abus-Salam (RA), after ritually washing himself, he said, 'O Allah, I have been washed of my knowledge and action so that I do not possess knowledge or action except what comes to me from this Shaykh.'
Shaykh Abu'l-Hassan ash-Shazhili traveled from Morocco to Spain and finally settled down in Alexandria in Egypt. Later on in life, when asked who his spiritual master was, he used to reply, 'I used to be the close follower (murid) of Hazrat Moulay Abus-Salam Ibn Mashish(RA), but I am no more the murid of any human master.'
Hazrat Shaykh Abu'l-Abbas al-Mursi (d. 1288), who succeeded Hazrat Shaykh ash-Shazhili (RA) as the next spiritual master of the Order, was asked about the knowledge of his spiritual master and replied, 'He gave me forty sciences. He was an ocean without a shore.'
Hazrat Shaykh ash-Shazhili (RA) had hundreds of close followers in both Alexandria and Cairo, not only from among the common people but also from among the ruling classes. He taught his close followers to lead a life of contemplation and remembrance of Allah while performing the normal everyday activities of the world. He disliked initiating any would-be follower unless that person already had a profession. His admonition to his close followers was to apply the teachings of Islam in their own lives in the world and to transform their existence.
Among the many writings attributed to Hazrat Shaykh Abu'l-Hassan ash-Shazhili is famous litany "Hizb al-Bahar".
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/Egypt.htm
Shattari :
Shattari is a Sufi mystical order (tariqah) originating in Persia in the fifteenth century A.D. and later taken to India. The word Shattar means "speed", "rapidness" or "fast-goer and is a system of spiritual practices which lead quickly to a state of annihilation of the ego in God (fana) and subsistence through God (baqa).
Idries Shah(RA), writing in The Sufis, states that the Shattari technique or "the Rapidness" originated with the Naqshbandi Sufi Order and that after the early nineteenth century it returned to "the custody" of that "parent school".
The Shattari succession or chain of transmission (silsilah) is said to ultimately go back to Sheikh Bayazid Taifur Bustami(radiAllah Anhu),whilst the order itself, which uses the Shattari techniques, is a branch of the Tayfuri Khanwada and was reputedly founded by Sheikh Sirajuddin Abdullah Shattar(RA) (d. 1406 CE), a descendent of Sheikh Shihabuddin Suhrawardi(radiAllahanhu) Shattar was deputized and given the honorific "Shattar" by his teacher Sheikh Muhammad Taifur (radiAllahanhu) in recognition of the austerities he faced in achieving this station (maqaam).
The book Jawahir-i khams, (The Five Jewels).
Originating in Persia, the order and its teachings were later brought to India by Sheikh Abdullah Shattar.(RA) According to Idries Shah(RA), "Hazrat Shattar (RA) visited India in the fifteenth century, wandering from one monastery to another, and made known the method. His procedure was to approach the chief of a Sufi group and say, 'Teach me your method, share it with me. If you will not, I invite you to share mine.'"
Hazrat Shattar's(radiAllahanhu) successor was Shah Wajih ad-Din (RA) (d. 1018 AH / 1609 CE), a "great saint" who wrote many books and founded an educational institution (madrasa).[6]
One of the order's notable masters was the 16th century Sufi saint and musician, Sayyid Muhammad Ghawth (RA) (d. 1562/3 CE), who developed the Shattari more fully into a "distinctive order"; taught the Mughal Emperor Humayun,] and wrote the book Jawahir-i khams, (The Five Jewels). The influence of the Shattari Order grew strong during Sayyid Muhammad Ghawth(RA) leadership and spread through South Asia.
Sayyid Muhammad Ghawth(RA) was also a tutor of the Mughal emperor Akbar's favorite musician, Tansen. It is uncertain whether Tansen was tutored in Sufism, in music or in both, but Tansen was familiar with Sufism. Sayyid Muhammad Ghawth(RA) tomb in Gwalior is a well-known tourist attraction, and regarded as an excellent example of Mughal Architecture. Tansen was buried in Ghawth's tomb complex
Suhrawardiyya:
Suhrawardiyya is the name of a Sufi order founded by Iranian Sufi Diya al-din Abu 'n-Najib as-Suhrawardi (RA) (1097 – 1168).
He was a murid of Ahmad al-Ghazali(RA), who was a brother of Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazali.c. 545 A.H. he was teaching Shafi'i fiqh at Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad Academy. His surviving work is called Kitab Adab Al-Muridin.
Many Sufis from all over the Islamic world joined the order under the founder's nephew Hazrat Shihab ad-din Abu Hafs 'Umar(RA) (1145-1234), who was sent as emissary to the court of Khwarezm Shah in Bukhara by the Khalifa in Baghdad. His son is buried in Tashkent. Later the Order spread into India through Hazrat Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari(RA) and Hazrat Baha-ud-din Zakariya(RA).
The principal role in the formation of a conservative ‘new piety’ and in the initiation of urban commercial and vocational groups into mysticism was played by the Suhrawardiyya silsila. Suhrawardiyya originated in Iraq but succeeded only in India to take shape as a fraternity with its infrastructure, internal hierarchy of members and cloisters and a single centre in Multan and Uchch. The Suhrawardiyya is a strictly Sunni order, guided by Shafi`i madhab. The Suhrawardiyya trace their spiritual genealogy to Hazrat Ali ibn Abi Talib (A.S.)through Junayd Baghdadi and al-Ghazali(RDA).
Shaikh Shihab ad-din Abu Hafs Umar al-Suhrawardi(RA), took recourse to active life, renounced reclusion and excessive fasting, maintained close contacts with the authorities, and undertook diplomatic missions and political settlement of conflicts. His luxurious cloister in Baghdad, with gardens and bath houses, was specially built for him by Caliph an-Nasir, on whose behalf Abu Hafs travelled as an ambassador to the Ayyubid Sultan Malik al-Adil I of Egypt, to Khwarezm-Shah Muhammad of Bukhara and to Kaiqubad I, the Seljuk ruler of Konya.
Shaikh Abu Hafs Umar al-Suhrawardi(RDA), the author of “Awarif al-Ma’arif”, directed his disciples Hazrat Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari & Shaikh Baha-ud-din Zakariya of Multan (1182-1262 AD) to make Multan the center of his activity. Iltutmish appointed him as "Shaikhul Islam" after the invasion of Multan and topple its ruler, Qabacha. During the Mongol invasion he became the peace negotiotor between invaders and muslim army.
Another Suharwardi, Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) buried at Konya, Turkey, received formal initiation into the Sufi way under Shaykh Baha'uddin Zakariya (RA), Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) lived in Multan for 25 years as one of the Suhrawardis, composing poetry. As Shaykh Baha'uddin(RA) was dying, he named Hazrat Fakhruddin 'Iraqi (RA ) to be his successor.
When it became known that Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) had been named head of the Suhrawardi Order, some in the order became jealous and denounced him to the Sultan who sought to have 'Iraqi arrested.
Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) fled the area with a few close companions, and they eventually made their way to Makkah and Medina. Later they moved north to Konya in Turkey. This was Konya at the time of Rumi. 'Iraqi often listened to Rumi teach and recite poetry, and later attended Rumi's funeral.
Although Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) was nominally the head (in exile) of a large and respected Sufi order, he humbly became the disciple of another Sufi master—Hazrat Sadruddin Qunawi(RA), who also lived in Konya at the time. Hazrat Sadruddin Qunawi(RA) was the son-in-law of the recently deceased Sufi philosopher Shaikh Ibn 'Arabi(RA). Although less known in the West today Hazrat Sadruddin Qunawi(RA) was perhaps the pre-eminent Sufi teacher in Konya at the time, even better known than his neighbor Rumi.
Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) was deeply devoted Hazrat Sadruddin Qunawi(RA) and to the teachings of Ibn 'Arabi(RA). It was a series of speeches Hazrat Sadruddin Qunawi(RA) delivered on the esoteric meaning of Ibn 'Arabi's great works that inspired Hazrat Fakharuddin Iraqi (RA) to compose his own masterpiece of commentary and poetry named the Lama'at or Divine Flashes.
When Fakhruddin 'Iraqi died he was buried near Ibn 'Arabi's (RA)tomb.
Baha-ud-din Zakariya’s(RA) successor then was his son Shaikh Sadruddin ‘Arif(RA). His disciple, Amir Husayn(RA)., the author of “Zad- al-Musafirin”, wrote several works on the doctrine Wahdat al-Wujud. Shaikh Arif’s(RA). son and caliph, Shaikh Ruknuddin (RA). was highly respected by the Delhi Sultans from ‘Alauddin Khilji to Muhammad Ibn Tughlaq.
After the death of Shaikh Ruknuddin(RA) the Suhrawardiyya silsila declined in Multan but became popular in other provinces like Uch, Gujarat, Punjab, Kashmir and even Delhi. Suharawardiyya order of Sufism became popular in Bengal (Contemporary Relevance of Sufism, 1993, published by Indian Council for Cultural relations).
It was popularised and revitalized by Hazrat Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari(RA) known as Makhdum Jahaniyan, the world traveler. He was puritan and strongly objected the Hindu influences to Muslim social and religious practices.
Another contemporary mystic who is worthy of mention was Shaikh Sharfuddin Yahya Manairi (RA). (d. 1380 AD). He belonged to the Firdausia order, a branch of Suhrawardiyya. He compiled several books, i.e. “Fawaid al-Muridin”, “Irshadat al-Talibin”,”Rahat al-Qulub”, etc.
Owaisiya:
Owaisiya is the name of a Sufi order founded by Hazrat Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu)
Hazrat Owais Qarni(radi Allah anhu) was born in the village of "Qaran" in Yemen. River "showor" flowed through the city of Zubaida.
The family was so poor that there was no money to send him to Maktab or a teacher. The miracle here is that Hazrat Rasule Karim (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) became the spiritual guardian of this child and though they never met, Hazrat Rasullullah (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) guided him at all times - such was their bondage. This is the reason why Rasullullah (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) would often look toward Yemen, and say : "I am getting the beautiful fragrance Allah's blessings in the breeze. It is for Owais Qarni." Hazrat Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu) could never meet Rasullullah (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam), primarily because he used to take care of his sick mother. She would not allow him to go anywhere. After the battle of Uhud, when Hazrat Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu) came to know that the Prophet had lost a few teeth during the encounter, he broke all his teeth one by one till none was left - as he did not know exactly how many or which ones were lost by the prophet (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam). Such was the bondage of divine love between the two men, who never met each other. Once he went to Madina but failed to meet his most loved guardian. It is on record that on that day the Prophet (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) suddenly left home to say prayers in the mosque, leaving hurried instructions that a great saint was coming to visit him shortly and that it was predestined that they shall never meet in this world Hazrat Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu) knocked the Prophet's door minutes after the Prophet had left. When he was told that the Prophet had just left for a nearby mosque, he only smiled, cried for a while and then left. Years after the Prophet's demise, on repeated requests from Khalifa Hazrat Umar (radi Allah anhu), Hazrat Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu) visited Madina where his most admired lay buried. He asked Umar (radi Allah anhu) to come just outside the border of Madina to meet him. Umar (radi Allah anhu) did what the great saint had bid, but asked why he ordered him to meet him outside Madina? Owais Qarni (radi Allah anhu) said, "Omar, how can you walk so close over the soil under which lay buried the body of Muhammad (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) I cannot even set my foot on the city where he lies buried." Such was the depth of his love for the Prophet (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam). At last, only after the passing away of his mother, he could pay respects to Rasullullah's (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam) holy grave. Such was pre-ordained for the greatest lover of Allah and his Prophet (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam). But it illustrated the pedestal of mothers. Serving them would take precedence over visiting even the Prophet(sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam).Hazrat Owais Qarni(radi Allah anhu) used to avoid meeting people who called on him, observing that the Day of Judgement was near and he could not afford to waste his time in earthly gossips.Qarni taught := He who recognises God as a friend makes friendship with no other creature= Consider the Quran like Khidr, thy guide, in the path and never forget death. Pray regularly and always.= Remember night is meant for worship not sleep.
The Prophet Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa Sallam told on the day of judgment that Allah will create 70,000 angels same as Owaise of Qarni Radi Allahu anhuand when Owaise of Qarni Radi Allahu anhu will come there in between them and will proceed to the heaven, no one will recognize him except Allah, because in the world he used to worship away from the mankind and so he will be kept away from the mankind on the day of judgment.
In his last days he met Ali Ibn Taleb alayhis 'salam and participated in the war of Seffin and was martyred there. There is a group of people who consider themselves as Owaisia. For them there is no need of teacher and they do not have any source with them like Owaise of Qarni Radi Allahu anhu, but they are on the right path of religion due to the Grace of Allah.
His Radi Allahu anhu grave is in a small village of Yemen, which is far away from capital Sana.
Mevlevi:
The Mevlevi Order, or the Mevlevilik or Mevleviye a Sufi order founded in Konya (in present-day Turkey) by the followers of Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Balkhi-Rumi(radiAllah anhu), a 13th century Persian poet, Islamic jurist, and theologian. They are also known as the Whirling Dervishes due to their famous practice of whirling as a form of dhikr (remembrance of God). Dervish is a common term for an initiate of the Sufi path; the whirling is part of the formal Sema ceremony and the participants are properly known as semazens.[1]
The Mevlevi was founded in 1273 by Rumi's(radiAllah anhu). followers after his death, particularly by his successor Hüsamettin Çelebi who decided to build a mausoleum for Mevlâna, and then Mevlâna's son, Sultan Veled Celebi (or Çelebi, Chelebi, meaning "fully initiated"). He was an accomplished Sufi mystic with great organizing talents. His personal efforts were continued by his successor Ulu Arif Çelebi.
The Mevlevi believe in performing their dhikr in the form of a "dance" and music ceremony called the Sema, which involves the whirling from which the order acquired its nickname. The Sema represents a mystical journey of man's spiritual ascent through mind and love to "Perfect". Turning towards the truth, the follower grows through love, deserts his ego, finds the truth and arrives at the "Perfect". He then returns from this spiritual journey as a man who has reached maturity and a greater perfection, so as to love and to be of service to the whole of creation.
Rumi has said in reference to Sema, "For them it is the Sema of this world and the other. Even more for the circle of dancers within the Sema Who turn and have in their midst, their own Ka'aba." and what he is saying is that when, like in Mecca you have come closer to God, likewise when you perform Sema you are also closer to God.
Khalwati:
The Khalwati Sufi order (or Halveti, as it is known in Turkey) is an Islamic Sufi brotherhood (tariqa). Along with the Naqshbandi, Qadiri and Shadhili orders, it is among the most famous Sufi orders. It was founded by Pir Umar Khalwati(rehmatullah alaih) in the city of Herat in medieval Khorasan (now located in western Afghanistan).
The order spread mostly by wandering Dervishes in vast area, now being part of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. It originally attracted the attention of the Mamluk Sultans of Egypt and Syria who by and large supported the Sufi orders and gave a great deal of reverence to wandering Dervishes. From their centers of worship (so called tekkes) in these areas, the order began to spread to the urban centers of the Islamic world.
The order grew in popularity during Ottoman times and spread from its origins in the Middle East to the Balkans (especially in southern Greece,Kosovo and Macedonia, to Egypt (where it was a popular Sufi order amongst many of the Sheikhs of al-Azhar University),[citation needed] Sudan and almost all corners of the Ottoman Empire.
The Khalwati order had many tekkes in Istanbul, the most famous being the Jerrahi, Ussaki, Sunbuli, Ramazaniyye and Nasuhi. Although the Sufi orders are now abolished in the Republic of Turkey, the above are almost all now mosques and/or places of visitation by Muslims for prayer.
The Khalwati order however, still remains strong in Egypt where the Sufi orders do receive a degree of support from the government. The Khalwati order also remains strong in the Sudan.
The Nigerian Sheikh Usman Dan Fodio, although a Qadiri, was initiated into the Khalwati order along with the Naqshbandi order, and Shaykh Ahmed at-Tijani was also originally a Khalwati.[citation needed]
The name of the order is derived from the term "khalwa", which refers to a spiritual retreat.
Ba'Alawi :
The Ba'Alawi Sadah has a Sufi tariqa. It is founded by al-Faqih Muqaddam As-Sayyid Muhammad bin Ali Ba'Alawi al-Husaini(rehmatullah alaih), who died in the year 653 AH (1232 CE). He received his ijazah from Abu Madyan(rehmatullah alaih) in Morocco via two of his students. Abu Madyan was a student of Abdul Qadir Jilani (radiAllah anhu), as well as one of the syaikhs in the Shadhiliya tariqa chain of spiritual transmitters from the Holy Prophet Muhammad (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalam).
Rehmaniya:
Hazrat Maulana Fazl-E-Rehman Gujmuradabadi(rehmatullah alaih) was the Gaus,Kutub, Imam,Mujaddid of his time and was followed and loved by evry one, He is one of the most repected Auliya Allah in the list of all. He was the mureed and jansheen Khalifa of Hazrat Arif-E-Haq Khwaja Afaq Sahab (rehmatullah alaih). He was born on 1st Ramzan Mubarak 1208 Hijri and died on 21st Rabi ul awwal 1313 Hijri. He use to not drink milk until it was magrib for the whole month of ramzan mubarak. He was so much involved in the love of Allah and our Holy Prophet (Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam) and in the same way our Holy Prophet (Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam) & His Family (Ahle Bayat)use to love him .When ever he wanted he had the didar(vision) of holy Prophet (Salla Allahu ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam). He had spend his whole life teaching the qalities of Islam, Sunnah, Love and Humanity. He dedicated his whole life for the welfare of mankind. He had the khilafat from Qadri, Chisti, Naqshbandi and Soharwardi Silsila. He also shares the blood realtion with all this 4 silsila including silsila-e-arabiya. He also took the knowledge of silsila-e-madariya from his pir sahab but his main intrest was in silsila-e-naqsbandiya. Many time he was blessed with the vision of Panjatan Pak(alaih salam), Shaba-E-Karam(radiallahu anhu), Gaus-e- Pak (radiallahu anhu) he use to call him Nana jan, Mujadid Alif Sani(rahmatullah alaih) and many great personalities.
Hazrat Shah Abdul Aziz Dhelvi(rahmatullah alaih) is a grt muhadis of his time and has taught hadees shareef to many great personalities like :
Haji Waris Pak,
Mawlana Sayyid Shah Al'e Rasul Qadri Barkati Marahrawi
Sayyad Ahmad Barelwi
Mawlana Fazl-e-Haq Khayrabadi
Mawlana Mahboob Ali Dehlawi
Mufti Sadr al-Din Aazurdah
Mawlana Muhammad Ali
Mawlana Ahmad Ali….. and many more(peace be upon them all)
See what he has said about Hazrat Maulana Shah Fazl-e-Rehman Gujmuradabadi (rahmatullah alaih):
Hazrat Shah Abdul Aziz Dhelvi(rahmatullah alaih) damaad (son inlaw) asked him that what is the use of teaching Maulvi Fazl-E-Rehman from Isha to Tahajud change the timings. Hazrat Shah Abdul Aziz Dhelvi(rahmatullah alaih) replied the reason for teaching Maulvi Fazl-E-Rehman alone is that he is learing directly from the bargah(presence) of our Holy Prophet(sal-lal-laho-tala-alahi-wasalm) and this is the only reason why i have asked you to attain the classes so that you might gain something, I suggest you should learn from Hazrat Maulana Shah Fazl-e-Rehman Gujmuradabadi (rahmatullah alaih). He is getting the knowledge of Hadees Shraif directly from Holy Prophet(sal-lal-laho-tala-alahi-wasalm) what ever he wants he asks our Holy Prophet(sal-lal-laho-tala-alahi-wasalm) and it is granted to him.
The People of Firangi mehal and many grt shcolar use to say that who ever wants to see the life of Prophet (sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalm) and the sahaba(radiAllah anhu) in todays day must see Hazrat Maulana Shah Fazl-e-Rehman Gujmuradabadi (rahmatullah alaih).
http://silsila-e-rehmani.webs.com
Warsi:
Sarkar Waris Pak (rehmatullah alaih) was a great Sufi saint of india is admired by peoples of all faiths. Sarkar Waris Pak(rehmatullah alaih) owned the Qadriyya -Razzakiyya Silsila. His genealogy shows that he was born in the 26th generation of Hazrat Imam Hussain(alaih salam). The date of his birth is disputed varying from 1233 A.H. to 1238 A.H. The author of Maarif Warisya has put the date of his birth as 1234 A.H. corresponding to 1809 of the Christian era. His father, Syed Qurban Ali Shah(rehmatullah alaih) belonged to a land-lord class and was a man of considerable learning having completed his education in Baghdad.
He accepted millions of people belonging to all faith in to warsi silsila.During that Period Firangi Mahal was the famous religious centre for north indian muslims and they too were Qadiri People so it was obvious for them to have intimacy with Sarkar.Ulemas of Firangi Mahal regarded him as Kamilieen .
http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/lucknow.htm
Sarwari:
The Sarwari Qadiri Sufi tariqa was originated by Sultan Bahu (rehmatullah alaih) in the seventeenth century. The first part of its name, Sawari, derives from the fact that Sultan Bahu claimed to have taken the oath of allegiance directly from Muhammad(sal lal laho tala alaihi wasalm). The second part, Qadiri, signifies that this order is essentially an offshoot of the Qadiri order, because Sultan Bahu also claimed to have been a disciple of Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani (radiAllah anhu).
The Sarwari Qadiri order is very similar in its over all philosophy to the Qadiri order, but distinguishes itself in certain points, the most notable being Sultan Bahu's stress and extensive reliance on the practice of 'Tasswar-e-Ism-Zaat' for this disciples. The basic idea of this practice is to visualize the Arabic name of God, Allah as having been written on the disciple's heart.
Zahediyeh:
The Zahediyeh Sufi Order was founded by Sheikh Zahed Gilani (rehmatullah alaih) of Lahijan. As a precursor to the Safaviyeh Order, which was yet to culminate in the Safavid Dynasty, the Zahediyeh Order and its Murshid, Sheikh Zahed Gilani(rehmatullah alaih), reserve a distinct place in the history of Iran
The Turkish Bayrami and Jelveti orders are derived from him.
Sufi in Bihar
Bismillahir
Rahman Nir Raheem.
Allahumma
Salle 'Ala Syedina Mohammedin Wo 'Ala Al-li-hi
Syedina Mohammedin Wo Barik Wo Salim.
Syedina Mohammedin Wo Barik Wo Salim.
"Ala
Inna Awliya Allahi la Khauf-un Alaihim wa Lahum Yah-Zanoon"
Khankah-e-chishtia, Chhota shekhpura nawada (BIHAR)
Hazrat Khwaja Abdullah Chishti son of Khwaja Asadullah Chishti( 7th pusht of Qutubuddin Maudood Chishti R.A) plays very important role at his time for spreading Islaam .More than ten thousands follower of this khankah.Major follower are in Bihar and Jharkhand.a shrine of Hazrat Khwaja Abdullah Chishti at Bari dargah,Chhota Shekhpura,Nawada(Bihar) . Urs of Khwaja Abdullah Chishti is began at the time of Rajab.Place where khwaja expend for ibadat called Hujra is situated at milky tola,Chhota Shekhpura. At this time Hazrat Syed Shah Ainuddin Chishti son of Khwaja Qutubuddin Maudood Chishti(R.A) family taken the responsibility of Khankah Chishtia.
Mazar-e-Mubark Hazrat Allauddin Kaazan Shattari (RA),
1)
Hazrat Allauddin Kaazan Shattari (RA) also known as
Hazrat Shaikh Mohammed Ulaa (RA)
2) Hazrat Abul Fatah Hidayatullah Sarmast (RA)
3) Hazrat Shah Zahoor Haji Huzoor (RA)
4) Hazrat Pir Shah Nafah (RA) or Nafah Shah Baba (RA)
Hazrat Shaikh Mohammed Ulaa (RA)
2) Hazrat Abul Fatah Hidayatullah Sarmast (RA)
3) Hazrat Shah Zahoor Haji Huzoor (RA)
4) Hazrat Pir Shah Nafah (RA) or Nafah Shah Baba (RA)
1.
HAZRAT ALLAUDDIN KAAZAN SHATTARI ALSO KNOWN AS HAZRAT SHAIKH
MOHAMMED ULAA (R.A) ( KHALIFA-E-HAZRAT PEER ABDULLAH SHATTARI
(RA), THE FOUNDER OF SILSALA-E-SHATTARI (
ALSO KNOWN SHUTTARI SILSILA ) IN INDIA.
Khilafat
from Hazrat Abdullah Shattari (RA) was passed on to Hazrat Allauddin
Kaazan Shattari (RA) also known as Hazrat Shaikh Mohammed Ulaa
(RA) (d.1495) (11th shawwal 901 hijri) After receiving Khilafat
he worked on his own spirituality, attained enlightenment and
spent rest of his life in propagating spiritual Sufi messages
in Shattari way. He lived in Muzzafarpur, a small town in southern
Bihar – India. Shrine of Hazrat Allauddin Kaazan Shattari
is located on a small hill in a small town near vaishali gadh,
Hazipur Bihar. India. Near to his shrine we can find shrine
of his eldest son Makhdoom Mansoor Halaaj Shaheed.
Mazar-e-Mubark Hazrat Allauddin Kaazan Shattari (RA)
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Pic
of Sayed Shah Durwesh Ashraf, Bitho Sharif, Gaya, Bihar
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CITY
/ TOWN / TALUK : Small village on the banks of Ganga River in
Hajipur near Vishali ( 20 kms from Patna )
DISTRICT
: Vaishali District
"Ala
Inna Awliya Allahi la Khauf-un Alaihim wa Lahum Yah-Zanoon"
Hazrat
Abul Fatah Hidayatullah Sarmast (RA) was third son of Hazrat
Allauddin Kaazan Shattari and Khilafat was further Passed on
to Hazrat Abul Fatah Hidayatullah Sarmast (d 1538) (12th Shawwal
944 hijri). The Dargah Shareef of Hazrat Abul Fatah Hidayatullah
Sarmast (RA) is located in a small village near Vaishali, Hajipur,
around 20 kilometers from Patna - Bihar. India. This Village
is situated on the banks of Ganga River. Famous Mughal king
Humayun was a dedicated follower of Hazrat Abul Fatah Hidayatullah
Sarmast and took his advice on worldly, political and spiritual
issues.
Mazar-e-Mubarak
of Hazrat Abul Fatah Hidayatullah Sarmast (RA)
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CITY
/ TOWN / TALUK : Malikana kabrastan, Ratan Sarai (Railway Station),
Sivani
STATE
: Bihar , India.
Hazrat
Abul Fatah Hidayatullah Sarmast (RA) gave Khilafat to Hazrat
Shah Zahoor Haji Huzoor The Dargah Shareef of Hazrath Shah Zahoor
Haji Huzoor (RA) is located Malikana kabrastan, Ratan Sarai
(Railway Station), Sivani, Bihar. India. It is believed that
he adopted two children named Shaikh Fariduddin Jahangir and
Shaikh Khatiruddin. These children are known in history as Shaikh
Behlul Fatah and Hazrat Shaikh Mohammed Gouse Gwaliori respectively.
Mazar-e-Mubarak Hazrat Shah Zahoor Haji Huzoor (RA)
The
Following are some of Famous Awliyas / Sufi Saints of Silsala-e-Shattari
/ Silsala-e-Shuttari :-
1)
Hazrat Abdullah Shattari Mast (RA) – Founder of the Silsala
( Kila Mandav, Dhar, Madhya Pradesh )
2) Hazrat Allauddin Kaazan Shattari (RA) ( Hajipur, Bihar )
3) Hazrat Abul Fatah Hidayatullah Sarmast Shattari (RA) ( Hajipur, Bihar )
4) Hazrat Shah Zahoor Haji Huzoor Shattari(RA), Malikana kabrastan, Ratan Sarai Ratan Sarai ( Railway Station ), Sivani, Bihar.
5) Hazrath Shah Sultan Haji Hameed Mohammed Shattari ( Ghouse-e-Gwaliori )
6) Hazrat Shah Wajihuudin Gujrati Husaini Kadri Shattari (Khanpur, Ahmadabad)
7) Hazrat Shah Abdullah Husaini Kadri Shattari (Khanpur, Ahmadabad )
8) Hazrat Sayyed Shah Moulana Qutub-ul-Aktaab Haashim Peer Dastageer Husaini Kadri Shattari (Bijapur, Karnataka).
9) Hazrat Qutb-e-Zamaa Sufi Sarmast Ali Shah Qalander Husaini (RA) ( direct desecent of Hazrat Hashim Peer Dastageer (RA) (Nandura – Dist. Buldhana, Maharashtra)
10) Hazrat Sufi Abdullah Shah Husaini Qadri Shattari (Bijapur, Karnataka)
11) Hazrat Sufi Ghafoor Shah Qalander Husaini Kadri Shattari (Ganesh peth, Daroowala pool, Pune - Maharashtra)
12) Hazrat Sufi Hidayatulllah Shah Husaini Kadri Shattari (Nandura ,Dist. Buldhana, Maharashtra)
2) Hazrat Allauddin Kaazan Shattari (RA) ( Hajipur, Bihar )
3) Hazrat Abul Fatah Hidayatullah Sarmast Shattari (RA) ( Hajipur, Bihar )
4) Hazrat Shah Zahoor Haji Huzoor Shattari(RA), Malikana kabrastan, Ratan Sarai Ratan Sarai ( Railway Station ), Sivani, Bihar.
5) Hazrath Shah Sultan Haji Hameed Mohammed Shattari ( Ghouse-e-Gwaliori )
6) Hazrat Shah Wajihuudin Gujrati Husaini Kadri Shattari (Khanpur, Ahmadabad)
7) Hazrat Shah Abdullah Husaini Kadri Shattari (Khanpur, Ahmadabad )
8) Hazrat Sayyed Shah Moulana Qutub-ul-Aktaab Haashim Peer Dastageer Husaini Kadri Shattari (Bijapur, Karnataka).
9) Hazrat Qutb-e-Zamaa Sufi Sarmast Ali Shah Qalander Husaini (RA) ( direct desecent of Hazrat Hashim Peer Dastageer (RA) (Nandura – Dist. Buldhana, Maharashtra)
10) Hazrat Sufi Abdullah Shah Husaini Qadri Shattari (Bijapur, Karnataka)
11) Hazrat Sufi Ghafoor Shah Qalander Husaini Kadri Shattari (Ganesh peth, Daroowala pool, Pune - Maharashtra)
12) Hazrat Sufi Hidayatulllah Shah Husaini Kadri Shattari (Nandura ,Dist. Buldhana, Maharashtra)
In
Bangalore a very Famous Dargah Shareef of Sufi Saint belonging
to Silsala-e-Shuttaria is of Hazrath Attah-ulla shah Shuttari
(RA), who is very well known as the peer-o-murshid of Hazrat
Hyder Ali Khan Bahadur (RA) father of Hazrat Tippu Sultan Shaheed
(RA).
Route
: Vaishali is well connected by road to Patna (56 Kms), Muzaffarpur
(36 Kms) and Hazipur (35 Kms)
4. Makhdoom Yahya Maneri : Hazarat Makhdoom Yahya Maneri was a famous Indian Sufi saint of 13th century. His tomb lies in a Masjid, located in Maner, 29 Km from Patna, Bihar, India. The sacred shrine is locally known as Bari (meaning big) and Choti (meaning small) Dargah. Like several other shrines of Sufi saints, Hazarat Makhdoom Yahya Maneri is revered both by Muslims as well as by Hindus. This shrine has remained a place of pilgrimage since very old time, and Sikandar Lodi and the Mughal emperor Babar (1520-1530) had also visited the shrine. This is the most secred Muslim shrine in Bihar.
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2. The other one is Choti Dargah or Daulat Shah’s Tomb which is one of the finest mausoleums of the Eastern India. It is a magnificent domed structure with four twelve-sided minarets in its flanks
Nearest Airport: Patna- 29 Km
Railway Station: Patna- 29 Km
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5. Pir Shah Nafah Shrine : There is an inscription on the entrance of the Dargah which speaks:
“Bari Aalee Teri Sarkar Hai Nafah-Shah; Mashaa-Allah Sakhi Darbar Hai Nafah-Shah.’
In the present fort area the oldest building inside the fort is a sacred Muhammdan shrine built on an elevated piece of ground near the southern gate. It is said that it was a mazar of a Pir or Saint whose name is still unknown. He is said to have traveled from Persia to Ajmer and from there came down to Munger under the instructions from Khwaza Moin-Uddin Chisti- the famous Sufi Saint and Lived at Munger for many years and also died here in 596 A.H, corresponding to 1177 A.D. He was buried in an obscure place near the ramparts and with the lapse of years exact burial place was forgotten. Ultimately, in 1497 A.D. when the ramparts of the fort being repaired by the Governor, Prince Danyal.
It was he who ordered a mosque to be built over that place. So since 1497 the particular place has been known as the Dargah of Shah Nafah, nafah being a Persian word meaning ‘pod of musk.’ Over the gateway there is an inscription set up by Prince Danyal and a round the Shrine are many old tombs in a delapitated state. There is a popular tradition that Prince danyal got a divine dream about the exact location of the Dargah of Shah Nafah. A hint was given to him that the Dargah existed where the earth gave out the fragrance of Nafah (Kasturi).
It is significant to note that the Dargah attracts not only the Muslims but also the Hindus of the town. The offering of Chaddar and holding a musicial programme has become an annual feature on 1st of January every year. The dargah is said to be the protector of the town and a place of wish fulfillments. All those who pass through the road bow their heads in remembrance of the of the Great Saint.
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The Bihari Sufis, who belonged to the Wajudia School, believed that 'Everything is He (Hama Oast) 'and reconciled religion with philosophy. Some of the early Bihari Muslims, as Sheikh Aaz of Karo (Gaya) and Ahmad Bihari, held views for which they were ordered for confinement and punished with chains. According to H. Shuaiv, Sultan Firuz Shah Tughluq at the instance of the orthodox Ulema of Delhi put the saint of Sheikhpura, Sheikh Aaz and Ahmad Bihari to death. Researches have revealed that Sufism had reached Bihar and its neighbouring regions even before the Turkish conquest. Its earliest adherents belonged to the Chisty and Soharwardia order of the Sufis.
Some of the well-known representatives of the Chisty order were Hazrat Mohammed Shahab-ud-din (RA) or 'Pir Jagjot' of Jethuli, Hazrat Badr-e-Alam of Choti Dargah, Hazrat Mir Fazlullah Gosain of Daira, Hazrat Farid-ud-din Tawaila Bux of Chandpura, Hazrat Ahmad Isa Taj of Bhaisaur, Hazrat Ataullah Baqhdadi of Mir Dad and Hazrat Syed Sadr-ud-din Zahidi (RA) - all belonging to the town of Biharsharif (Nalanda).
Saran, another notable center of activity of the Chisty Sufis, acquired considerable fame for its association with such scholarly saints as HazratMir Zahi Madariad Sarani of Sepaha, Hazrat Abdul Malik of Ushri and Hazrat Mohammed Syed Hasan of Hasanpura. Though the Shuttaria orders have now sunk into oblivion, there was a time when they had a great hold on the people of Bihar. Hazrat Syed Jamal-ud-din Madar of Makanpur (Uttar Pradesh) who had come over to Bihar was a well-known representative of the Madaria order. His mausoleum at Hilsa contains a dated inscription. One of the greatest Sufis of the Shuttaria order was Hazrat Abul Faiz Qazin Ola of Bania Basarh, near Vaishali.
The Qadri order is said to be "now one of the chief Sufi order of this province. We had one of its best representatives, Hazrat Sayed Muhammad of Amjhar Sarif in the Aurangabad district". The most important of all the Sufi orders in Bihar, however, was the Soharwardia, especially its sub-section, the Firdausia Silsila, one of whose most celebrated saints was Hazrat Sharf-ud-din Ahmad, who was born at Maner in 1262 and died at Biharsharif in 1377. The Mosques and Khankahs of the Sufi saints and preachers soon became centers of learning and veritable madarsas. Saif Khan's mosque and madarsa with its many saintly scholars on its staff, flourished till the end of the eighteenth century. The mosque of Hazrat Ataullah Zasinabi at Phulwari, bearing an inscription of Akbar's time, still stands and the madarsa still continues. Mulla Abul Husan of Darbhanga, the saintly scholar who taught Princess Zebunnisa, the accomplished daughter of Emperor Aurangzeb, and the five scholarly members of the syndicate that compiled Fatwa-i-Alamgiri, were all great saints of their time.
In Bihar, there are hundreds of holy places associated with various Sufi Saints. Some of ;those places are :-
Maner Sharif (Patna)
It is a large village of historical antiquities, situated in the extreme northwest of Danapur Sub-division, about 32-kms west of Patna on Patna-Arrah Highway.
In the early ages Maner was a center of learning and it is said that grammarian Panini, and also Bararuchi, lived and studied here. Maner contains two well-known Mohammedan tombs, that of Hazrat Shah Daulat or Makhdum Daulat, known as the Chhoti Dargah, and the other that of Hazrat Sheikh Yahia Maneri or Makhdum Yahia, called the Bari Dargah. Hazrat Makhdum Daulat died at Maner in 1608, and Ibrahim Khan, Governor of Bihar and one of the saint's disciples completed the erection of his mausoleum in 1616. The building is exceptionally fine one, with walls containing carvings of great delicacy and high finish. It stands on a raised platform, and at each corner rises a slender tower of graceful proportions. A great dome crowns it, and the ceiling is covered with carved inscriptions from the Quran. Every detail of it is characteristic of the architecture of Jehangir's reign, and it is by far the finest monument of the Mughals in Eastern India. Inside the compound there is a mosque also built by Ibrahim Khan in 1619, while a fine gateway bearing an older inscription corresponding to 1603-01, affords access to the north. The tomb of Hazrat Yahia Maneri (RA) lies in a mosque to the east of a large tank, with masonry walls and ghats, and pillared porticos jutting out into it, which is connected with the old bed of the River Sone by a tunnel 400-ft long.
Phulwari Sharif (Patna)
Nearly 7 kms from Patna junction Railway Station, Phulwari Sharif is an important Islamic pilgrimage. It has been always a favorite abode of Sufi saints in various times. Hazrat Pir Muzibullah Qadri (RA) was on of those in the 18th Century. The Khankah Muzibia founded by him at Phulwari Sharif is called the Bari Khankah. An old Madarsa here has been the most important center for teaching of Islamic philosophy since its establishment. There is also an archaeologically important and worth seeing ancient Sangi Masjid (mosque) built of red stones at Phulwari Sharif. The Mughal Emperor Humayun built it. Sacred hairs of the beard of Paigamber Hazrat Muhammad Saheb is preserved here in the Bari Khankah that attracts throngs of his followers and a big mela is held every year.
Biharsharif (Nalanda)
This is headquarters of Nalanda district that lays 30-kms south of Bakhtiarpur on NH-31. This is also a railhead on the Bakhtiarpur- Rajgir branch line of the eastern Indian Railway. This town is known as Biharsharif, owing to its many Muslim tombs that still retain traces of its former importance as a Muslim pilgrimage. There is a hill called Pir Pahari, about 1-km to the northwest of the town. At its summit is the dargah or mausoleum of the Saint Hazrat Mallik Ibrahim Bayu, round which are tem smaller tombs. It is a brick structure surmounted by a dome and bears inscriptions showing that the saint died in 1353. Another great dargah is that of Hazrat Makhdum Shah Sharif-ud-din, also called Makhdum- ul -Mulk, who died here in 1379; the inscription over the entrance shows that his tomb was built in 1569. This tomb, which stands on the south bank of the river, is held in great veneration by the local Mohammedans, who assemble here on the 5th day of Sawan to celebrate the anniversary of his death.The Chhoti Dargah is the shrine of Hazrat Badruddin Badr-I-Alam, famous saint who died here in 1440.
Goraul Sharif (Sitamarhi)
This is a Muslim pilgrimage, some 26-kms from the Sitamarhi town. The place is treated to be very sacred after Bihar Sharif and Phulwari Sharif.
KHANKAHS
Khankah Emadia, Mangal Talab, Patna Saheb (Patna)
One of the offsprings in the family of prominent Sufi Saint Hazrat Pir Muzibullah Qadri (RA) had founded another Khankah during 19th Century near a tank called Mangal Talab that is situated in the Patna City Chowk area. It is called Khankah Emadia that houses a Madarsa. An Urs is held here annually when throngs of devotees assemble and pay their respect to their beloved Sufi Saint.
Khankah Samarkandia (Darbhanga)
Mausoleum of a Muslim saint, named Hazrat Maulana Samarkandi Rahamtullah Alaih is situated about one and half kilometers east of mohallah Mishra Tola and on the westerly south corner of a tank known as Sukhi Dighi, south of the Darbhanga railway station. It is said that the saint had demonstrated miracles on many occasions and had helped people overcome their problems. It is said that the saint hand established here a Khankah about 132 years back. The annual Urs of the saint is held here in the month of July. Women are not allowed to participate in the Urs.
Dargahs, Mazars, Tombs and Mausoleums
Dargah Sharif of Mittan Ghat, Patna Saheb (Patna)
A beautiful double storied mosque was built by Mugal Prince Azim on the banks of the Ganges at Mittan Ghat in Patna City area that was previously called Azimabad during the reign of Mugal Emperor Aurangzeb. This mosque was built for Mulla Mittan who was teacher of the Prince. It was the place from where the great Sufi Saint Hazrat Makhdum Muneem used to preach his disciples during the 18th Century. The ancient mosque still exists and is popularly known as Dargah Sharif. Every year, after five days of the "Id" festival, an annual Urs Chiraga is held here when devotees assemble at this Dargah Sharif in great numbers.
Dargah of Hazrat Saiyadana Mohammad Jilani Amjhari Qadri (RA)
Amjhar Sharif (Aurangabad)
Amjharsharif is an important Islamic pilgrimage in the Aurangabad district. It is about 10 kiometers from Panchrukhia on the Daudnagar - Gaya Road ( about 100 kms from Patna) under Haspura Police Station. There is an ancient Mazar (Grave) of a Muslim saint Hazrat Saiyadana Mohammad Jilani Amjhari Quadri. His Urs Mubaraq (Anniversary) is celebrated here in the first week of Rabi Allab (June) every year. Thousands of Muslim pilgrims visit this place from all over India on this auspicious occasion. Holy Hairs of the Saint, which is still preserved here, are put on Holy Display during the Annual Urs.
Dargah of Shah Arzan's (Lakri Dargah), (Gopalganj)
The village is situated about 24-kms north of Siwan and has apparently derived its name from a Muslim tomb that it contains. The tomb is that of a Mohammedan saint named Hazrat Shah Arzan who hailed from Patna. It is said he was attracted by the solitude of the place and had performed a chilla or a religious contemplation of 40 days. He also set up a religious establishment, which was endowed by the Emperor Aurangazeb. The anniversary of the saint's death is celebrated on the 11th of Rabi-us-sani every year, which attracts a large crowd.
Dargah of Hazrat Shah Zahoor, Bazidpur (Nawada)
The famous Dargah of the great Saint Shah Zahoor Ali Warsi (of 19th Century) is situated in Bazidpur village under Nawada district. Special feature of this historical Dargah is it's strong following both among Muslims and Hindus.A colourful congregation is witnessed on the occasion of annual "Urs-e-Mubarak" which is held on the 28th day of 'Iddul Azha' according to Islamic calendar. This celebration is now carried on by the fifth generation of the great saint " Shah Zahoor Ali Warsi".
Dargah of Makhdum Hazrat Sultan Ahmed Charampose, Biharsharif (Nalanda)
The biggest and the oldest building of Mohalla-Amber in the Biharsharif town (Nalanda), is Tomb of Hazarat Makhdum Sultan Saiyad Shah Ahmed Charampose Teg Barhana Rahmatulla Alaih. He was born in the year 1236 and passed away in 1335 (according to Islamic calendar 657 - 776 Hizri). He is ranked to a very high order among other Sufi saints and Auliahs. Many stories about the Saint are prevalent among people even today. According to one such story, the Saint was once on a visit to Tibbet. The Ruler and people of that state, for their misconceptions, tried to inflict harm on him. The saint, for his self-defense, just raised one of his fingers and heads of those mischievous people instantaneously fell off their bodies. After this incident, adjective of "Tang Barhana" (A Sword out of the Sheath) was added to the Saint's name. Another adjective of "Charampose" is added to his name for that, he always wore skin of a Dumba (specie different from ordinary goat), which was offered to him by Hazrat Hussain Pyare, his chief disciple.Thousands and thousand of people participate in the "Urs" celebrated here in memory of the Saint every year.
Dargah of Hazrat Shekh Sharifuddin Yahya Maneri, Biharsharif (Nalanda)
Another great dargah at Biharsharif is that of Makhdum Shah Sharif-ud-din, also called Makhdum- ul -Mulk, who died here in 1379. An inscription over entrance of the dargah shows that his tomb was built in 1569. It stands on the south bank of the river and is held in a great veneration by the local Mohammedans, who assemble here on the 5th day of Sawan to celebrate anniversary of his death.
Dargah of Hazrat Masar Dewan, Masurhi (Bhojpur)
The village, which is situated 5-kms east of Jagdishpur, has a 300 years old grave of a Muslim saint Masar Dewan. It is held as sacred by the Muslims.
Mazar of Mamu-Bhagina, Minapur
Shaistha Khan, the maternal uncle of Aurangzeb, erected a tomb known as Mamu Bhagana ki Kabar. It is situated near the pond of Shivai Singh in the mouza of Jarwa. Taj Khan built the tomb of Makhdum Shah Abul Fateh Sheikh Shuttari in mouza Tangaul. The tomb of Bar Khurdar Aulia Shaheb is near Hatsarganj police outpost. In Mohalla Khatte Ruknuddin there are two tombs, one of Hafiz Barkhurdar and to the east of it is the tomb of his disciple Ruknuddin Shaheb. The tomb of Hazrat Maohiuddin alias Pir Damaria Shaheb is in Minapur, which is built of marble. Other tombs of Kamaluddin Shaheb and Khaja Mohiuddin Chisti, disciple of Baba Fariduddin Gunj Shakar Multani are also here. Emperor Jahangir built the tomb of Syed Haji, son of Syed Dost Muhammad. The tomb of Hazrat Jalaluddin Abdul is to the east of Nepali temple. The tomb of Khwaja Bhil is on mouza Chakbhil near Bagmati. He was also a disciple of Baba Gunj Shakar.
Mazar of Hajrat Jandaha (Vaishali)
The grave of a revered Muslim Saint is still pointed out at Hazrat Jandaha, 32 kms east of Hajipur and about 14 kms north of Mahnar village in the Hajipur sub-division of the Vaishali district. The Saint gave this name to the place and the river that flows past it, was known as Diwan Sah Ali. It is said that one hot summer day he felt very thirsty, and asked a by-stander to fetch him some water. The man was rude enough to reply that there was no water to be had close by. At this the Shah got very angry, and in his anger called on the water to flow that way, saying ' Biah ' (Persian-- ' Come '). Immediately a river began to approach the place, cutting away intervening land and causing devastation and ruin to the villages as it advanced. This so terrified the neighbouring people that they came in a body and implored the Shah to have pity on them and cause the river to spare their lands. He then called out Jandah (do not drown) and the river stopped encroaching and began to flow quietly in its present channel. Thus the river was called Baya and the town Jandaha. This Diwan Sah Ali was himself the subject of miracle, performed on him in his infancy by his uncle, who was equally remarkable and he lived in Hajipur where his tomb is still pointed out. His name was Makhdum Shah Abdul Fatah. It is said that, on one occasion, during one of his fits of ecstasy, which lasted for long periods, he threw his nephew Shah Ali who was only six days old into the river Gandak calling on the river saint Khwaja Khizr to educate him and take care of him. After six years, when he had recovered his mother told him what he had done and what a grievous injury he had caused to his brother and sister-in-law, who had never ceased bewailing the loss of their only child. Thereupon Makhdum Shah told her not to grieve, and going to the river said--" Khawaja Khizr, give me back my nephew, whom I committed to your care six years ago. " On this, the river began to roll and out came the boy, roved and jeweled like prince. Though young, he was thoroughly conversant with all the religious laws, and afterwards became the famous Hazrat Shah Ali from whom Hazrat Jandaha got its name. There is a mosque situated a few steps away from the river appertaining to the 15th Century.
Mazar of Kanti (Muzaffarpur)
Kanti is an important and progressive village about 15 kms from Muzaffarpur to the west on the road between Motipur and Muzaffarpur. It is situated on a Man (water channel). There is a Mazarof a Muslim saint, which draws a large crowd throughout the year.
Mazar of Khwaja Pir's, Saran Khas (Saran)
A village in the Sadar subdivision 40 kms northeast of Chapra and 25 kms north of Manjhi. It contains extensive ancient remains now covered for the most part by cultivated fields. There is an abrupt rise at Makdum Shah's dargah, a little south of Harpur, which continues for a couple of miles south till it terminates somewhat more abruptly beyond Khwaja Pir's Mazar. On the east of this elevated site suns a stream known locally by two names, Gandaki and Saryu. This is well defined and may have been a channel made in ancient days for water supply. West of this and parallel to it, the high ground extends for an average width of not less than about half a kilometer. On approaching the southern end a pile near a mound is observed, on which are the remains of a brick building. It is learnt that this pile is the Ganj-i-Shahi-dan or martyr's heap near the traditional Rajas's kot. This indicates a desperate assault at some time on a Hindu stronghold. Further on, there are Khwaja Pir's Mazar, and two tombs on an open enclosure.
Mazar of Makdum Saiyed Hasan Chisti, Hasanpura (Siwan)
The village is situated about 21-kms south of Siwan on the Bank of Dhanai River. According to tradition, Makdum Saiyed Hasan Chisti, a saint who came from Arabia to India and settled here, founded this village. He also founded a Khankah (religious institution) here. The village contains remains of a large mosque and tomb of the Saint, which is visited by both Hindus and Muslims. The grave is a large open court to the west of the village.
Mazar of Hazrat Data Kambal Shah, Pakki Sarai (Muzaffarpur)
About 4 kms from Muzaffarpur there is a mausoleum of Hazrat Data Kambal Shah Rahamtullah Alaih who was a Muslim saint. It is said that he did hold position of a Qutab in the Muzaffarpur city in his times. Many stories of his miracles are prevalent in the society. The annual Urs of the saint is held here every year after the 7th day of the "Id" festival that continues for next 6 days. Thousands of devotees from every nook and corner of country come here to participate in the said Urs.
Mazar of Hazrat Bibi Kamaal Sahiba, Kako (Jehanabad)
The village is the headquarters of the block of the same name and is situated on the Jehanabad-Biharsharif road, about 10-kms east of Jehanabad railway station. According to a local legend, Ram Chandra's stepmother, Rani Kaikeyi of Ayodhya lived here for sometime and the village took its name after her. The village has also a Mazar of Hazrat Bibi Kamaal Sahiba, a great Muslim lady saint. It is said that this lady was the aunt of Hazrat Makhdum Saheb of Biharsharif and possessed divine powers.
Mazar of Sufi Ahmad Sajjad, Panhessa (Nalanda)
Panhessa is a village on Biharsharif - Rajgir road in the Nalanda district. This village was abode of Maulana Abul Mohasin Mohammad Sajjad who was a great religious scholar of Islamic pantheon. He was the founder of the Emarat-e-Sharia, Phulwarishariff that has the highest order among the Muslim's institution. Ahmad Sajjad was elder brother of the Maulana. He also was a great Sufi saint of his times. He was a very popular saint and the people had deep regards for him. Stories of the saint's miracles are still prevalent among natives of the village. His Mazar is located near a mosque in the village where Urs of the great Sufi Saint is celebrated every year on the 27th day of Muharram. Considerably large numbers of Muslims, as well as, Hindu devotees participate in the Urs.
TOMBS OF HISTORICAL & ARCHAEOLOGICAL SIGNIFIANCE
Mausoleum of Sher Shah (Rohtas)
The great mausoleum of Sher Shah is situated in the western outskirts of the town in the center of a large excavated tank or lake. This beautiful and impressive structure was built towards the middle of the 16th century. Hexagonal in shape and built of stone, it is the second highest tomb in India. It is a fine specimen of Pathan architecture that catches eyes of tourists at the very first glance.
Tomb of Hasan Khan Sur (Rohtas)
The old tomb of Hassan Khan Sur, father of Sher Shah is also known as Sukha Rauza. It is situated in the heart of the Sasaram town. This tomb contains inside its courtyard, a small mosque and a madarsa or school. Outside the compound wall on the western side there is a large stepped well with stone ghats on its southern and eastern sides, covered galleries on the north and west and a large well in its center.
Tomb of Chandan Shahid (Rohtas)
This is situated on the summit of the hill, hardly 30 feet to the east of the above cave. There is also an old mosque at the foot of the hill that contains an inscription referring to its construction during the reign of Jehangir in 1613 A.D.
Tomb of Pir Pahar (Munger)
About 5-kms east of the town is a hill called Pir Pahar, from the top of which a fine view of the surrounding country is obtained. The hill is called after an old Mohammedan saint or Pir. There are two old tombs side by side at the foot of the hill, on one of which there is an inscription to the memory of one Mary Anne Beckett, who died in 1832, while the other has a damaged inscription showing, till a few years ago, that it is in memory of a person named D'Oyly; the portion containing the name has now disappeared.
Tomb of Mulla Muhammad Said (Munger)
This is situated on the top of the bastion at the southwest angle of the fort. The Mulla was a Persian poet and had come to India from Mazandran near the Caspian Sea, during the reign of the Emperor Aurangazeb, who employed him as a tutor to his daughter Zibunnisa Begum. The Mulla died in 1704 A.D. and his tomb existed till the early years of this century, when it was demolished and the grave removed.
Tomb of Pir Shah Nufa (Munger)
The building is raised inside the southern gate of the fort on the top of a small mound, about 25' high. The building of the tomb consists of a domed tomb chamber with a prayer room or mosque and a rest room attached to it. A few carved stones are to be seen embedded in the low platform to the south of the tomb, and disfigured with unsightly holes or depressions made by those who believed in their efficacy to cure certain diseases of children.
Other objects of attraction : Pirganj
Gadh of Pir Saheb is situated 13 kms North from headquarters of the Supaul block and 4 kms South of headquarters of the Kishunpur block. This gadh is spread over an area of about 60 acres. There is a block of stone, which is said to be gradually increasing in shape and size and has become larger than the earlier. This stone has now interestingly become a sacred object. It is said that one can easily lift it up if he has a deep regard for it, on the contrary he cannot do so if he has even a little bit of disregard for the same. As said, earlier some thieves tried to steal away this stone but could not do so. They had to abandon the stone before they get out of the periphery, as they turned blind and the stone itself came back to it's original position.
Taken From
http://www.discoverbihar.bih.nic.in:80/pages/sufi_circuit.htm
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How
to reach
By Air (Air Route Map) Nearest Airport Patna (61 kms) / Gaya (158 kms)
By Air (Air Route Map) Nearest Airport Patna (61 kms) / Gaya (158 kms)
By
rail (Rail Route Map) Nearest railheads Hazipur;
Muzaffarpur(34 kms)
By
road Connected by good roads with all Indian cities.
Where
to Stay : Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation's
Hotels at Vaishali and Muzaffarpur
Tariff range: Rs. 75/- for Dormitory bed and Rs.600/- for Double bedded room.
Tariff range: Rs. 75/- for Dormitory bed and Rs.600/- for Double bedded room.
Other
private Hotels, Rest houses and Dharmshalas are also available
at Hajipur and Muzaffarpur.
Local
Transport
Hired
taxis / buses from Hajipur and Muzaffarpur.
Allah
and Rasool Allah Sal lalahu Alaihi wa Sallam Aap ki har mushkil
door kare. Ameen. Aap ki har jayes tamana puri kare. Ameen.
Aap ki and Aap ke Ghar walon ki hayati ki darasi karne. Ameen.
Ap aur Ghar walon ke upar tah qayamat tak Auliya Allah and buzurgan-e-deen
ka saaya rahe. Ameen. Aap ko Ghar walon ko deen aur duniya me
kamiyabee hasil kare. Ameen. Ya Rabbil 'Alameen.
Allah humma Salle 'ala Syedina wa Maulana wa Rahati Qulubina wa Shafiya Zunubina wa Tabeeba Zaherana wa Batina Mohammedinw wa 'Ala Alihi wo Ashabihi wo Auliyahi wa Ummatihi bi Rahmatika ya Ar-Rahmarraheem wal Hamdullilahi Rabbil 'Alameen.
Allah humma Salle 'ala Syedina wa Maulana wa Rahati Qulubina wa Shafiya Zunubina wa Tabeeba Zaherana wa Batina Mohammedinw wa 'Ala Alihi wo Ashabihi wo Auliyahi wa Ummatihi bi Rahmatika ya Ar-Rahmarraheem wal Hamdullilahi Rabbil 'Alameen.
Allah
aur Rasool-e-Kareem, Sal-lal-lahu Alaihi Wa Sallam and Hazrat
Allauddin Kaazan Shattari (RA) almaroof Hazrat Shaikh Mohammed
Ulaa (RA), Hazrat Abul Fatah Hidayatullah Sarmast (RA) and Hazrat
Shah Zahoor Haji Huzoor (RA)
may do khass Nazar e Karam on you and your family and your beloved
ones. Ameen. Ya Rabbil 'Alameen.
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